关于mysql字符集的问题，用命令 show variables like "character_set%";

用命令mysql> show variables like "character_set%"; 
得到如下结果：
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                                  |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | latin1                                 |
| character_set_connection | latin1                                 |
| character_set_database   | utf8                                   |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                                 |
| character_set_results    | latin1                                 |
| character_set_server     | gbk                                    |
| character_set_system     | utf8                                   |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------+
那位能详细解释一下分别是什么意思啊，谢谢。