有几种"窗口子类化"的创建方式?(看过<<Window程序设计>>的一定进来看看);

Question

书上有时候用wndclass方式创建.
有时侯用SetWindowLong()GWL_WNDPROC的方式创建.两者有区别么?

Answer 1

SetWindowLong()适合于改写别的公有类比如按钮什么的wndproc,
而wndclass方式主要是在程序创建初期就定下来了。

Answer 2

以下是我仿效书上写的一个程序.
用子窗口控制Scrollbar,但是,滑块会弹回的.我尝试不用子窗口,到是可以的.问题出在哪里啊?我想"子窗口"过程里的hwnd就是每个Scrollbar的句柄
#include <windows.h>
#include "resource.h"const int ID_REDSCROLL=0;
const int ID_BLUESCROLL=1;
const int ID_GREENSCROLL=2;const int ID_REDBUTTON=3;
const int ID_BLUEBUTTON=4;
const int ID_GREENBUTTON=5;const int ID_TABLE=6;int       idFocus;
int   scrollPos[3];
WNDPROC   scrollProc[3];LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM , LPARAM );
LRESULT CALLBACK ScrollProc (HWND, UINT , WPARAM , LPARAM );
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow){     static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("ColorTable") ;
     HWND         hwnd ;
     MSG          msg ;
     WNDCLASS     wndclass ;
     
     wndclass.style         = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
     wndclass.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc ;
     wndclass.cbClsExtra    = 0 ;
     wndclass.cbWndExtra    = sizeof(long);
     wndclass.hInstance     = hInstance ;
     wndclass.hIcon         = LoadIcon (hInstance,TEXT ("ColorTable")) ;
     wndclass.hCursor       = LoadCursor (0,IDC_CROSS) ;
     wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) (GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH)) ;
     wndclass.lpszMenuName  = NULL ;
     wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
     
     if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass)){
          MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
                      szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
          return 0 ;
     }
     
     hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("ColorTable"),
                          WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_CLIPCHILDREN,
                          CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                          CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
                          NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
     
     ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
     UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
     
     while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){
          TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
          DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
     }
     return msg.wParam ;
}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
  static HBRUSH      hBrush[3];    
  static bool  notFrozen[3];
  static HWND  tableHwnd,scrollHwnd[3],colorLableHwnd[3];
  static int         cxClient,cyClient,cxChar,cyChar;   int  i,id;
  COLORREF           color[3]={RGB(225,0,0),
   RGB(0,0,225),
   RGB(0,225,0)
};   switch(message){
    case WM_CREATE:
 tableHwnd=CreateWindow(TEXT("static"),0,
    WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|SS_WHITERECT,
    0,0,0,0,
    hwnd,(HMENU)ID_TABLE,(HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),0);
 SetClassLong(tableHwnd,GCL_HCURSOR,
(long)LoadCursor((HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),
MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_POINTER)));      for(i=0; i<3; i++){
   scrollHwnd[i]=CreateWindow(TEXT("scrollbar"),0,
  WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_TABSTOP|SBS_HORZ,
  0,0,0,0,
  hwnd,(HMENU)i,(HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),0);    
   SetScrollRange(scrollHwnd[i],SB_CTL,0,225,true);
   SetScrollPos(scrollHwnd[i],SB_CTL,0,true);
   scrollProc[i]=(WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(scrollHwnd[i],GWL_WNDPROC,(long)ScrollProc);    hBrush[i]=CreateSolidBrush(color[i]);
   notFrozen[i]=true;    colorLableHwnd[i]=CreateWindow(TEXT("button"),0,
  WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_BORDER|BS_OWNERDRAW,
  0,0,0,0,
  hwnd,(HMENU)(i+3),(HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd,GWL_HINSTANCE),0);
 }      return 0; case WM_CTLCOLORSCROLLBAR:
 i=GetDlgCtrlID((HWND)lParam);
 return (LRESULT)hBrush[i]; case WM_DRAWITEM:
 RECT rc;
 LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT pdis;
 int cx,cy;

 pdis=(LPDRAWITEMSTRUCT)lParam;
 cx=pdis->rcItem.right-pdis->rcItem.left;
 cy=pdis->rcItem.bottom-pdis->rcItem.top;      FrameRect(pdis->hDC,&pdis->rcItem,(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH));    switch(pdis->CtlID){
case ID_REDBUTTON:
 FillRect(pdis->hDC,&pdis->rcItem,CreateSolidBrush(RGB(225,0,0)));
 break; case ID_BLUEBUTTON:
 FillRect(pdis->hDC,&pdis->rcItem,CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,225)));
 break; case ID_GREENBUTTON:
 FillRect(pdis->hDC,&pdis->rcItem,CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,225,0)));
 break;
 }

 if(pdis->itemState & ODS_SELECTED)
  InvertRect(pdis->hDC,&pdis->rcItem);
 
 if(pdis->itemState & ODS_FOCUS){
  rc.left  =pdis->rcItem.left  + cx/16;
  rc.right =pdis->rcItem.right - cx/16;
  rc.top   =pdis->rcItem.top   + cy/12;
  rc.bottom=pdis->rcItem.bottom- cy/12;   DrawFocusRect(pdis->hDC,&rc);
 }  return 0;     case WM_SIZE:
 cxChar=LOWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());
 cyChar=HIWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());
     cxClient=LOWORD(lParam);
 cyClient=HIWORD(lParam);  MoveWindow(tableHwnd,0,cyClient/2,cxClient,cyClient/2,true);
 
 for(i=0; i<3; i++){
 MoveWindow(scrollHwnd[i],cxClient/8,(i+3)*cyClient/6+cyChar,
                      7*cxClient/8-cxChar,cyChar,true);
 MoveWindow(colorLableHwnd[i],cxChar,(i+3)*cyClient/6+cyChar,
                          cxClient/10,cyChar,true);
 }
 
 SetFocus(scrollHwnd[idFocus]);
 return 0;
case WM_COMMAND:
 switch(LOWORD(wParam)){
case ID_REDBUTTON:
 EnableWindow(scrollHwnd[ID_REDSCROLL],notFrozen[ID_REDSCROLL]^=true);
 break; case ID_BLUEBUTTON:
 EnableWindow(scrollHwnd[ID_BLUESCROLL],notFrozen[ID_BLUESCROLL]^=true);
 break; case ID_GREENBUTTON:
 EnableWindow(scrollHwnd[ID_GREENSCROLL],notFrozen[ID_GREENSCROLL]^=true);
 break;
 }  return 0; case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
 int mx,my;
 mx=LOWORD(lParam);
 my=HIWORD(lParam);  if((mx>0 && mx<cxClient) && (my>0 && my<cyClient/2)){
 DeleteObject((HBRUSH)SetClassLong(hwnd,GCL_HBRBACKGROUND,
(long)CreateSolidBrush(RGB(scrollPos[ID_REDSCROLL]+mx%256,
   scrollPos[ID_BLUESCROLL]+my%256,
   scrollPos[ID_GREENSCROLL]+(mx+my)%256))));
InvalidateRect(hwnd,0,true);
 }

 return 0; case WM_DESTROY:
 for(i=0; i<3; i++)
DeleteObject(hBrush[i]);  DeleteObject((HBRUSH)
SetClassLong(hwnd,GCL_HBRBACKGROUND,
(long)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)));             PostQuitMessage(0);
             return 0;
  }
      return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}LRESULT CALLBACK ScrollProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam){
int   ctrlID=GetDlgCtrlID(hwnd); switch(message){
case WM_HSCROLL:
 switch(LOWORD(wParam)){
case SB_PAGERIGHT:
 scrollPos[ctrlID]+=15;
case SB_LINERIGHT:
 scrollPos[ctrlID]=min(225,scrollPos[ctrlID]+1);
 break;

case SB_PAGELEFT:
 scrollPos[ctrlID]-=15;
case SB_LINELEFT:
 scrollPos[ctrlID]=max(0,scrollPos[ctrlID]-1);
 break; case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
case SB_THUMBTRACK:
 scrollPos[ctrlID]=HIWORD(wParam);
 break;
 }

 SetScrollPos(hwnd,SB_CTL,scrollPos[ctrlID],true);  DeleteObject((HBRUSH)
SetClassLong(GetParent(hwnd),GCL_HBRBACKGROUND,
(long)CreateSolidBrush(RGB(scrollPos[ID_REDSCROLL],
   scrollPos[ID_BLUESCROLL],
   scrollPos[ID_GREENSCROLL]))));
 InvalidateRect(GetParent(hwnd),0,true);  
 return 0;
 
   case WM_KEYDOWN:
    switch(wParam){
case VK_TAB:
 SetFocus(GetDlgItem(GetParent(hwnd),(ctrlID+1)%3));
     idFocus=(ctrlID+1)%3;
 break;
}
return 0;
} return CallWindowProc(scrollProc[ctrlID],hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
}

Answer 3

请问一下怎么动态改变CEdit控件颜色,是不是需要子类化窗口。

Answer 4

好象是需要反射机制，ON_WM_CTLCOLOR_REFLECT

Answer 5

to allen1981813(初级菜鸟) :
在ScrollProc函数中接收不了WM_HSCROLL消息，我也觉得奇怪。可能这条消息是由父窗口处理吧？
我在你的程序的WndProc函数中加了条语句，由父窗口传递一条消息。
case WM_HSCROLL:
     SendMessage((HWND) lParam,WM_HSCROLL,wParam,lParam);
     return 0;
就可以了。现在我的问题是：到底子控制可以接收哪些消息。

Answer 6

诶,
哥们你是如何想到的.我个人认为,没有道理呀?我当时设计主窗口过程的时候没有加入任何滚动条风格呀?应该不会有主窗口的WM_HSCROLL.想不通?

Answer 7

窗口子类化只有SetWindowLong()一种方式，哪来另一种方式。
窗口子类化的前提是目标窗口已经创建！

Answer 8

to allen1981813(初级菜鸟) :
      我明白了，WM_HSCROLL是由卷滚条向父窗口发送的一条消息，所以自己不能直接接收了。mfc中的反射就是用的这个原理，将发往父窗口的消息再由父窗口反射回来，就可以解决了。

Answer 9

superzrb(cafe) 
我更加糊了.
在"子过程"中
hwnd是scrollbar,如何是父窗口?

Answer 10

scrollbar是公有类，所以可以窗口子类化，但我问非公有类是否可以子类化？           发出WM_HSCROLL消息
scrollbar----------------------->父窗口
         <-----------------------
           反馈回去WM_HSCROLL消息WM_HSCROLL是由scrollbar向外发出的，你的最初的程序一开始就在scrollbar中接收，殊不知WM_HSCROLL是由scrollbar向外发出的。

Answer 11

那,
windows编程中是不是大多是按照这种发送与反馈的机制呢?

Answer 12

反馈回去WM_HSCROLL消息是我自己写的啊。就是那段加的代码呀。反馈应该都是自己写的吧。我不是高手啊。呵呵。共同讨论。