declare @tb table(icno varchar(10),date datetime)
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03'select * from @tb order by icno,date
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000
0003 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000
0004 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000我想要的查结果
ICNO DATE1 DATE2 DATE3 DATE4
0001 06:30 06:35 08:09 09:03
0002 07:30 07:35 08:09
0003 06:35 09:03
0004 06:30 08:09
0005 09:03
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03'select * from @tb order by icno,date
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0001 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000
0003 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000
0004 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000我想要的查结果
ICNO DATE1 DATE2 DATE3 DATE4
0001 06:30 06:35 08:09 09:03
0002 07:30 07:35 08:09
0003 06:35 09:03
0004 06:30 08:09
0005 09:03
01 2 9:01
02 3 9:10
02 4 9:15
03 5 9:01
03 2 9:22
03 7 9:38 希望得到如下结果: id n1 n2 n3
01 2
02 3 4
03 5 2 7create table tb(id varchar(10) , num int, time varchar(10))
insert into tb values('01', 2, '9:01')
insert into tb values('02', 3, '9:10')
insert into tb values('02', 4, '9:15')
insert into tb values('03', 5, '9:01')
insert into tb values('03', 2, '9:22')
insert into tb values('03', 7, '9:38')
go
--静态SQL,指同一个ID最多三个(或固定多少个)
select id ,
max(case px when 1 then cast(num as varchar) else '' end) 'n1',
max(case px when 2 then cast(num as varchar) else '' end) 'n2',
max(case px when 3 then cast(num as varchar) else '' end) 'n3'
from
(
select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where id = t.id and time < t.time) + 1 from tb t
) t
group by id
order by id
/*
id n1 n2 n3
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
01 2
02 3 4
03 5 2 7
(3 行受影响)
*/--动态SQL,指同一个ID数量不定,以最多的为准
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql = 'select id'
select @sql = @sql + ' , max(case px when ''' + cast(px as varchar) + ''' then cast(num as varchar) else '''' end) [n' + cast(px as varchar) + ']'
from (select distinct px from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where id = t.id and time < t.time) + 1 from tb t) m) as a
set @sql = @sql + ' from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where id = t.id and time < t.time) + 1 from tb t) m group by id order by id'
exec(@sql)
/*
id n1 n2 n3
---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
01 2
02 3 4
03 5 2 7
(3 行受影响)
*/drop table tb
标题:普通行列转换(version 2.0)
作者:爱新觉罗.毓华
时间:2008-03-09
地点:广东深圳
说明:普通行列转换(version 1.0)仅针对sql server 2000提供静态和动态写法,version 2.0增加sql server 2005的有关写法。问题:假设有张学生成绩表(tb)如下:
姓名 课程 分数
张三 语文 74
张三 数学 83
张三 物理 93
李四 语文 74
李四 数学 84
李四 物理 94
想变成(得到如下结果):
姓名 语文 数学 物理
---- ---- ---- ----
李四 74 84 94
张三 74 83 93
-------------------
*/create table tb(姓名 varchar(10) , 课程 varchar(10) , 分数 int)
insert into tb values('张三' , '语文' , 74)
insert into tb values('张三' , '数学' , 83)
insert into tb values('张三' , '物理' , 93)
insert into tb values('李四' , '语文' , 74)
insert into tb values('李四' , '数学' , 84)
insert into tb values('李四' , '物理' , 94)
go--SQL SERVER 2000 静态SQL,指课程只有语文、数学、物理这三门课程。(以下同)
select 姓名 as 姓名 ,
max(case 课程 when '语文' then 分数 else 0 end) 语文,
max(case 课程 when '数学' then 分数 else 0 end) 数学,
max(case 课程 when '物理' then 分数 else 0 end) 物理
from tb
group by 姓名--SQL SERVER 2000 动态SQL,指课程不止语文、数学、物理这三门课程。(以下同)
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql = 'select 姓名 '
select @sql = @sql + ' , max(case 课程 when ''' + 课程 + ''' then 分数 else 0 end) [' + 课程 + ']'
from (select distinct 课程 from tb) as a
set @sql = @sql + ' from tb group by 姓名'
exec(@sql) --SQL SERVER 2005 静态SQL。
select * from (select * from tb) a pivot (max(分数) for 课程 in (语文,数学,物理)) b--SQL SERVER 2005 动态SQL。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
select @sql = isnull(@sql + ',' , '') + 课程 from tb group by 课程
exec ('select * from (select * from tb) a pivot (max(分数) for 课程 in (' + @sql + ')) b')---------------------------------/*
问题:在上述结果的基础上加平均分,总分,得到如下结果:
姓名 语文 数学 物理 平均分 总分
---- ---- ---- ---- ------ ----
李四 74 84 94 84.00 252
张三 74 83 93 83.33 250
*/--SQL SERVER 2000 静态SQL。
select 姓名 姓名,
max(case 课程 when '语文' then 分数 else 0 end) 语文,
max(case 课程 when '数学' then 分数 else 0 end) 数学,
max(case 课程 when '物理' then 分数 else 0 end) 物理,
cast(avg(分数*1.0) as decimal(18,2)) 平均分,
sum(分数) 总分
from tb
group by 姓名--SQL SERVER 2000 动态SQL。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql = 'select 姓名 '
select @sql = @sql + ' , max(case 课程 when ''' + 课程 + ''' then 分数 else 0 end) [' + 课程 + ']'
from (select distinct 课程 from tb) as a
set @sql = @sql + ' , cast(avg(分数*1.0) as decimal(18,2)) 平均分 , sum(分数) 总分 from tb group by 姓名'
exec(@sql) --SQL SERVER 2005 静态SQL。
select m.* , n.平均分 , n.总分 from
(select * from (select * from tb) a pivot (max(分数) for 课程 in (语文,数学,物理)) b) m,
(select 姓名 , cast(avg(分数*1.0) as decimal(18,2)) 平均分 , sum(分数) 总分 from tb group by 姓名) n
where m.姓名 = n.姓名--SQL SERVER 2005 动态SQL。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
select @sql = isnull(@sql + ',' , '') + 课程 from tb group by 课程
exec ('select m.* , n.平均分 , n.总分 from
(select * from (select * from tb) a pivot (max(分数) for 课程 in (' + @sql + ')) b) m ,
(select 姓名 , cast(avg(分数*1.0) as decimal(18,2)) 平均分 , sum(分数) 总分 from tb group by 姓名) n
where m.姓名 = n.姓名')drop table tb ------------------
------------------/*
问题:如果上述两表互相换一下:即表结构和数据为:
姓名 语文 数学 物理
张三 74 83 93
李四 74 84 94
想变成(得到如下结果):
姓名 课程 分数
---- ---- ----
李四 语文 74
李四 数学 84
李四 物理 94
张三 语文 74
张三 数学 83
张三 物理 93
--------------
*/create table tb(姓名 varchar(10) , 语文 int , 数学 int , 物理 int)
insert into tb values('张三',74,83,93)
insert into tb values('李四',74,84,94)
go--SQL SERVER 2000 静态SQL。
select * from
(
select 姓名 , 课程 = '语文' , 分数 = 语文 from tb
union all
select 姓名 , 课程 = '数学' , 分数 = 数学 from tb
union all
select 姓名 , 课程 = '物理' , 分数 = 物理 from tb
) t
order by 姓名 , case 课程 when '语文' then 1 when '数学' then 2 when '物理' then 3 end--SQL SERVER 2000 动态SQL。
--调用系统表动态生态。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
select @sql = isnull(@sql + ' union all ' , '' ) + ' select 姓名 , [课程] = ' + quotename(Name , '''') + ' , [分数] = ' + quotename(Name) + ' from tb'
from syscolumns
where name! = N'姓名' and ID = object_id('tb') --表名tb,不包含列名为姓名的其它列
order by colid asc
exec(@sql + ' order by 姓名 ')--SQL SERVER 2005 动态SQL。
select 姓名 , 课程 , 分数 from tb unpivot (分数 for 课程 in([语文] , [数学] , [物理])) t--SQL SERVER 2005 动态SQL,同SQL SERVER 2000 动态SQL。--------------------
/*
问题:在上述的结果上加个平均分,总分,得到如下结果:
姓名 课程 分数
---- ------ ------
李四 语文 74.00
李四 数学 84.00
李四 物理 94.00
李四 平均分 84.00
李四 总分 252.00
张三 语文 74.00
张三 数学 83.00
张三 物理 93.00
张三 平均分 83.33
张三 总分 250.00
------------------
*/select * from
(
select 姓名 as 姓名 , 课程 = '语文' , 分数 = 语文 from tb
union all
select 姓名 as 姓名 , 课程 = '数学' , 分数 = 数学 from tb
union all
select 姓名 as 姓名 , 课程 = '物理' , 分数 = 物理 from tb
union all
select 姓名 as 姓名 , 课程 = '平均分' , 分数 = cast((语文 + 数学 + 物理)*1.0/3 as decimal(18,2)) from tb
union all
select 姓名 as 姓名 , 课程 = '总分' , 分数 = 语文 + 数学 + 物理 from tb
) t
order by 姓名 , case 课程 when '语文' then 1 when '数学' then 2 when '物理' then 3 when '平均分' then 4 when '总分' then 5 enddrop table tb
declare @tb table(icno varchar(10),date datetime)
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03' select icno,
max(case px when 1 then date end) 'date1',
max(case px when 2 then date end) 'date2',
max(case px when 3 then date end) 'date3',
max(case px when 4 then date end) 'date4'
from
(
select * , px = (select count(1) from @tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from @tb t
) m
group by icno/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL NULL
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL NULL(所影响的行数为 5 行)
*/
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into @tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into @tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into @tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into @tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into @tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03' select icno,date = right(convert(char(16),date,120),5)
into #
from @tb
order by icno,date select *,px = (select count(1) from # where icno = a.icno and date <= a.date)
into tmp
from # adeclare @s varchar(8000)select @s = ' select icno'
select @s = @s + ',[date'+ltrim(px)+'] = max(case when px = '+ltrim(px) + ' then date else '''' end)'
from (select distinct px from tmp) aexec(@s+' from tmp group by icno')drop table #,tmp/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
0001 06:30 06:35 08:09 09:03
0002 07:30 07:35 08:09
0003 06:35 09:03
0004 06:30 08:09
0005 09:03 */
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03'
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql='select icno'
select @sql=@sql+',max(case when px='+rtrim(px)+' then date end) [date'+rtrim(px)+']'
from (select distinct px=(select count(*) from tb where icno=a.icno and date<a.date)+1 from tb a) t
set @sql=@sql+' from (select *,px=(select count(*) from tb where icno=a.icno and date<a.date)+1 from tb a) t group by t.icno'
exec (@sql)drop table tb/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ----------------------- ----------------------- ----------------------- -----------------------
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL NULL
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL NULL
警告: 聚合或其他 SET 操作消除了空值。(5 行受影响)*/
create table tb (icno varchar(10),date datetime)
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03' --静态SQL,指一个人的时间个数最多为四个。
select icno,
max(case px when 1 then date end) 'date1',
max(case px when 2 then date end) 'date2',
max(case px when 3 then date end) 'date3',
max(case px when 4 then date end) 'date4'
from
(
select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t
) m
group by icno
/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL NULL
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL NULL(所影响的行数为 5 行)
*/--动态SQL,指同一个人的时间个数不定。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql = 'select icno '
select @sql = @sql + ' , max(case px when ''' + cast(px as varchar) + ''' then date end) [date' + cast(px as varchar) + ']'
from (select distinct px from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t) m) as a
set @sql = @sql + ' from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t) m group by icno'
exec(@sql)
/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------
0001 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000
0002 2008-01-11 07:30:00.000 2008-01-11 07:35:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL
0003 2008-01-11 06:35:00.000 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL
0004 2008-01-11 06:30:00.000 2008-01-11 08:09:00.000 NULL NULL
0005 2008-01-11 09:03:00.000 NULL NULL NULL
*/drop table tb
create table tb (icno varchar(10),date datetime)
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 06:30'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:35'
insert into tb select '0001','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 09:03'
insert into tb select '0002','2008-01-11 07:30'
insert into tb select '0003','2008-01-11 06:35'
insert into tb select '0004','2008-01-11 08:09'
insert into tb select '0005','2008-01-11 09:03' --静态SQL,指一个人的时间个数最多为四个。
select icno,
max(case px when 1 then convert(varchar(5),date,114) else '' end) 'date1',
max(case px when 2 then convert(varchar(5),date,114) else '' end) 'date2',
max(case px when 3 then convert(varchar(5),date,114) else '' end) 'date3',
max(case px when 4 then convert(varchar(5),date,114) else '' end) 'date4'
from
(
select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t
) m
group by icno
/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ----- ----- ----- -----
0001 06:30 06:35 08:09 09:03
0002 07:30 07:35 08:09
0003 06:35 09:03
0004 06:30 08:09
0005 09:03 (所影响的行数为 5 行)
*/--动态SQL,指同一个人的时间个数不定。
declare @sql varchar(8000)
set @sql = 'select icno '
select @sql = @sql + ' , max(case px when ''' + cast(px as varchar) + ''' then convert(varchar(5),date,114) else '''' end) [date' + cast(px as varchar) + ']'
from (select distinct px from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t) m) as a
set @sql = @sql + ' from (select * , px = (select count(1) from tb where icno = t.icno and date < t.date) + 1 from tb t) m group by icno'
exec(@sql)
/*
icno date1 date2 date3 date4
---------- ----- ----- ----- -----
0001 06:30 06:35 08:09 09:03
0002 07:30 07:35 08:09
0003 06:35 09:03
0004 06:30 08:09
0005 09:03
*/drop table tb