$str="gesget[attachment=3]etrewtre
trewt[attachment=5]wtrewte
trewtret[attachment=17]rewtretrettrewtre[attachment=16]ewtrewt
trewtrew[attachment=10]trewtr";
$pattern="/\[attachment=\d+\]/";
$replacement="<br>";
$str=preg_replace($pattern, $replacement,$str); 
echo $str;