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您必须通过SmtpServer属性来指定发送邮件的服务器的名称(或IP地址),然后再调用
Send()函数来发送邮件。
代码示例如下:
(in C#)
using System.Web.Mail;
public void sendMail()
{
try
{
System.Web.Mail.MailMessage myMail=new MailMessage();
myMail.From = "[email protected]";
myMail.To = "[email protected]";
myMail.Subject = "MailTest";
myMail.Priority = MailPriority.Low;
myMail.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Text;
myMail.Body = "Test";
SmtpMail.SmtpServer="smarthost"; //your smtp server here SmtpMail.Send(myMail);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
throw e;
}
}
您可以在Send函数的参数MailMessage对象中设置邮件的相关属性,如优先级、附件等等。除了以MailMessage对象为参数(如上述代码),Send函数还可以简单的直接以邮件的4个主要信息(from,to,subject,messageText)作为字符串参数来调用。第二、使用CDO组件发送邮件
CDO是Collaboration Data Objects的简称,它是一组高层的COM对象集合,并经历了好几个版本的演化,现在在Windows2000和Exchange2000中使用的都是CDO2.0的版本(分别为cdosys.dll和cdoex.dll)。CDOSYS构建在SMTP协议和NNTP协议之上,并且作为Windows2000 Server的组件被安装,您可以在系统目录(如c:\winnt或c:\windows)的system32子目录中找到它(cdosys.dll)。
CDO组件相对于先前介绍的SmtpMail对象功能更为丰富,并提供了一些SmtpMail类所没有提供的功能,如通过需要认证的SMTP服务器发送邮件等。
下面一段代码就展示了如何使用CDO组件通过需要认证的SMTP服务器发送邮件的过程:
(in C#)
public void CDOsendMail()
{
try
{
CDO.Message oMsg = new CDO.Message();
oMsg.From = "[email protected]";
oMsg.To = "[email protected]";
oMsg.Subject = "MailTest";
oMsg.HTMLBody = "<html><body>Test</body></html>"; CDO.IConfiguration iConfg = oMsg.Configuration;
ADODB.Fields oFields = iConfg.Fields;
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusing"].Value=2;
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendemailaddress"].Value="[email protected]"; //sender mail
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpaccountname"].Value="[email protected]"; //email account
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername"].Value="username";
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword"].Value="password";
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate"].Value=1;
//value=0 代表Anonymous验证方式(不需要验证)
//value=1 代表Basic验证方式(使用basic (clear-text) authentication.
//The configuration sendusername/sendpassword or postusername/postpassword fields are used to specify credentials.)
//Value=2 代表NTLM验证方式(Secure Password Authentication in Microsoft Outlook Express)
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/languagecode"].Value=0x0804;
oFields["http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpserver"].Value="smtp.21cn.com"; oFields.Update();
oMsg.BodyPart.Charset="gb2312";
oMsg.HTMLBodyPart.Charset="gb2312"; oMsg.Send();
oMsg = null;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
throw e;
}
}
当然,如果您觉得SmtpMail不能满足您的需求,CDO又不够直截了当,那就只能自己动手了;其实如果您很熟悉Socket编程,自己写一个发送邮件的程序并不很难,以下就是一个例子。
首先,我们简单介绍一下带验证的SMTP服务器如何使用AUTH原语进行身份验证,其详细的定义可以参考RFC2554。
具体如下:
1)首先,需要使用EHLO而不是原先的HELO。
2)EHLO成功以后,客户端需要发送AUTH原语,与服务器就认证时用户名和密码的传递方式进行协商。
3)如果协商成功,服务器会返回以3开头的结果码,这是就可以把用户名和密码传给服务器。
4)最后,如果验证成功,就可以开始发信了。
下面是一个实际的例子,客户端在WinXP的Command窗口中通过"telnet smtp.263.NET 25"命令连接到263的smtp服务器发信:
220 Welcome to coremail System(With Anti-Spam) 2.1
EHLO 263.NET
250-192.168.30.29
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-ETRN
250-AUTH LOGIN
250 8BITMIME
AUTH LOGIN
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
bXlhY2NvdW50
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
bXlwYXNzd29yZA==
235 Authentication successful
MAIL FROM:[email protected]
250 Ok
RCPT TO:[email protected]
250 Ok
Data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
This is a testing email.
haha.
.
250 Ok: queued as AC5291D6406C4
QUIT
221 Bye上面的内容就是发信的全过程。其中与身份验证有关的主要是第九到第十四行:
AUTH LOGIN "客户端输入
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6 "服务器提示“Username:="
bXlhY2NvdW50 "客户端输入“myaccount="的Base64编码
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6 "服务器提示“Password:="
bXlwYXNzd29yZA== "客户端输入“mypassword="的Base64编码
235 Authentication successful "服务器端通过验证
从上面的分析可以看出,在这个身份验证过程中,服务器和客户端都直接通过Socket传递经过标准Base64编码的纯文本。这个过程可以非常方便的用C#实现,或者直接添加到原有的源代码中。
另外,有些ESMTP服务器不支持AUTH LOGIN方式的认证,只支持AUTH CRAM-MD5方式验证。但是这两者之间的区别只是文本的编码方式不同。
实现此功能的源代码可以在SourceForge.NET http://sourceforge.NET/projects/opensmtp-net/ 上找到下载。下面给出了一个简单的伪码:
public void SendMail(MailMessage msg)
{
NetworkStream nwstream = GetConnection(); WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "EHLO " + smtpHost + "\r\n");
string welcomeMsg = ReadFromStream(ref nwstream); // implement HELO command if EHLO is unrecognized.
if (IsUnknownCommand(welcomeMsg))
{
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "HELO " + smtpHost + "\r\n");
}
CheckForError(welcomeMsg, ReplyConstants.OK); // Authentication is used if the u/p are supplied
AuthLogin(ref nwstream); WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "MAIL FROM: <" + msg.From.Address + ">\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.OK); SendRecipientList(ref nwstream, msg.To);
SendRecipientList(ref nwstream, msg.CC);
SendRecipientList(ref nwstream, msg.BCC); WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "DATA\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.START_INPUT); if (msg.ReplyTo.Name != null && msg.ReplyTo.Name.Length != 0)
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "Reply-To: \"" + msg.ReplyTo.Name + "\" <" +
msg.ReplyTo.Address + ">\r\n"); }
else
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "Reply-To: <" + msg.ReplyTo.Address + ">\r\n"); }
if (msg.From.Name != null && msg.From.Name.Length != 0)
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "From: \"" + msg.From.Name + "\" <" +
msg.From.Address + ">\r\n"); }
else
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "From: <" + msg.From.Address + ">\r\n"); }
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "To: " + CreateAddressList(msg.To) + "\r\n");
if (msg.CC.Count != 0)
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "CC: " + CreateAddressList(msg.CC) + "\r\n"); } WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "Subject: " + msg.Subject + "\r\n"); if (msg.Priority != null)
{ WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "X-Priority: " + msg.Priority + "\r\n"); } if (msg.Headers.Count > 0)
{
SendHeaders(ref nwstream, msg);
}
if (msg.Attachments.Count > 0 || msg.HtmlBody != null)
{
SendMessageBody(ref nwstream, msg);
}
else
{
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, msg.Body + "\r\n");
}
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "\r\n.\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.OK);
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "QUIT\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.QUIT);
CloseConnection();
}private bool AuthLogin(ref NetworkStream nwstream)
{
if (username != null && username.Length > 0 && password != null && password.Length > 0)
{
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, "AUTH LOGIN\r\n");
if (AuthImplemented(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream)))
{
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, Convert.ToBase64String(
Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(this.username.ToCharArray())) + "\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.SERVER_CHALLENGE);
WriteToStream(ref nwstream, Convert.ToBase64String(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(
this.password.ToCharArray())) + "\r\n");
CheckForError(ReadFromStream(ref nwstream), ReplyConstants.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
MailMessage mail = new MailMessage();
mail.To = "[email protected]";
mail.From = "[email protected]";
mail.Subject = "this is a test email.";
mail.Body = "Some text goes here";
mail.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate", "1"); //basic authentication
mail.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername", "my_username_here"); //set your username here
mail.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword", "super_secret"); //set your password here SmtpMail.SmtpServer = "mail.mycompany.com"; //your real server goes here
SmtpMail.Send( mail );
}
参考资料:http://www.systemwebmail.com/faq/3.8.aspx
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mail;
public class SystemMail
{
public SystemMail(){}
private string _adminEmail;
public string AdminEmail
{
get{return _adminEmail;}
set{_adminEmail = value;}
} /// <summary>
/// SMTP
/// </summary>
private string _smtpServer = "smtp.163.com";
public string SmtpServer
{
get{return _smtpServer;}
set{_smtpServer = value;}
} /// <summary>
/// 邮箱登陆密码
/// </summary>
private string _password = "***********";
public string Password
{
get{return _password;}
set{_password = value;}
} /// <summary>
/// 邮箱登陆名
/// </summary>
private string _userName = "***********";
public string UserName
{
get{return _userName;}
set{_userName = value;}
} /// <summary>
/// 发送Email函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="to">接收人</param>
/// <param name="subject">标题</param>
/// <param name="HtmlPath">文件路径</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool Send(string to,string subject,string HtmlPath)
{
try
{
//构造MailMessage对象
MailMessage em = new MailMessage();
if(to == null || to == "")
{
return false;
}
else
{
em.To = to;
}
if(subject == null || subject =="")
{
return false;
}
else
{
em.From = "[email protected]";
} //格式位html
em.BodyFormat = MailFormat.Html;
em.Subject = subject;
//信件内容
em.Body = this.ReadHtml(HtmlPath); //Found out how to send authenticated email via System.Web.Mail at http://SystemWebMail.com (fact 3.8)
if(this.UserName != null && this.Password != null)
{
em.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate", "1"); //basic authentication
em.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername", this.UserName); //set your username here
em.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword", this.Password); //set your password here
} SmtpMail.SmtpServer = this.SmtpServer;
SmtpMail.Send(em);
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取HTML文件,作为信的内容
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">文件路径</param>
/// <returns>返回文件内容</returns>
public string ReadHtml(string path)
{
//构造 StreamReader
StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path,System.Text.Encoding.Default);
//读取文件
if(sr.ReadLine() != null)
{
string line = sr.ReadToEnd();
return line;
}
return "读取错误";
}
}
ms.To="xxx";//收信人
ms.Cc="mm,mm";//抄送
ms.From=Request.Form["e_mail"];//去信人
ms.Subject="title";//标题
ms.Body="hello";//正文
ms.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/smtpauthenticate", "1");
ms.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername","user");
ms.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword","password");//验证信息
SmtpMail.SmtpServer="server_ip";//邮件服务器ip或域名
SmtpMail.Send(ms); //发送ps:关闭瑞星杀毒的smtp监控
ms.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendusername","user");
ms.Fields.Add("http://schemas.microsoft.com/cdo/configuration/sendpassword","password");//验证信息
SmtpMail.SmtpServer="server_ip";//邮件服务器ip或域名
SmtpMail.Send(ms); //发送这里的第一段是什么啊??打问号的位置???