WPF中关于ListView的问题

Question

您好,
    我刚接触WPF,最近在做一个项目,其中有个需求就是对一个ListView里的ListViewItem,根据它在整个Items集合里的位置,奇偶数位置设置不同的Background,比如奇数位置设置Background为Brushes.Transparent,偶数位置设置Background为Brushes.Gray.
而该ListView的数据源是绑定的:
private ObservableCollection<DataInfo> dataSource;
listView.ItemsSource = dataSource;ListView的XAML代码:
<ListView Name = "listView">
    <ListView.View>
<GridView>
                <GridViewColumn Header="确认状态" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding State}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="交易类型" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding TradeType}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="成交编号" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding ID}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="成交日期" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Date}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="成交时间" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Time}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="交易货币对" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding CurrencyPair}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="交易方向" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding TradeDirection}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="成交量" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Quantity}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="成交价格" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Price}"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="对手方代码" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Code}"/>
</GridView>
    </ListView.View>
</ListView>
请问如何设置这种背景颜色相间的Style?我尝试在ListView的ItemContainerStyle属性里设置,但未成功,请指教,谢谢

Answer 1

说明一下,这时没有给出全部代码,上面的dataSource已实例化,并且有数据的

Answer 2

没有用过，Mark

Answer 3

C#代码也没法改变每项的Background,绑定之后,ListView的每项的类型都是DataInfo,也就是被绑的数据类型,而不是ListViewItem

Answer 4

以下各节提供了三种方法，用于创建各行的 Background 颜色具有交替效果的 ListView。该示例还论述用于在添加或移除行时更新视图的方法。方法 1：定义使用 IValueConverter 来使背景色产生交替效果的样式 下面的示例显示如何为将 Background 属性的值绑定到 IValueConverter 的 ListViewItem 控件定义 Style。XAML  复制代码 
<Style x:Key="myItemStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ListViewItem}">
  <Setter Property="Background">
    <Setter.Value>
      <Binding RelativeSource="{RelativeSource Self}" 
               Converter="{StaticResource myConverter}"/>
    </Setter.Value>
  </Setter>
</Style>
 下面的示例为 IValueConverter 定义 ResourceKey。XAML  复制代码 
<namespc:BackgroundConverter x:Key="myConverter"/>
 下面的示例显示依据行索引设置 Background 属性的 IValueConverter 的定义。C#  复制代码 
public sealed class BackgroundConverter : IValueConverter
{
    public object Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, 
        CultureInfo culture)
    {
        ListViewItem item = (ListViewItem)value;
        ListView listView = 
            ItemsControl.ItemsControlFromItemContainer(item) as ListView;
        // Get the index of a ListViewItem
        int index = 
            listView.ItemContainerGenerator.IndexFromContainer(item);        if (index % 2 == 0)
        {
            return Brushes.LightBlue;
        }
        else
        {
            return Brushes.Beige;
        }
    }
 下面的示例演示如何定义使用 Style 作为其 ItemContainerStyle 以便提供所需布局的 ListView。XAML  复制代码 
<ListView Name="theListView" 
          ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource EmployeeData}, 
                                        XPath=Employee}"
          ItemContainerStyle="{StaticResource myItemStyle}" >
  <ListView.View>
    <GridView>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FirstName}" 
                      Header="First Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=LastName}" 
                      Header="Last Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FavoriteCity}" 
                      Header="Favorite City" Width="120"/>
    </GridView>
  </ListView.View>
</ListView>
 方法 2：从 ListView 中派生一个新类以使背景色产生交替效果 下面的示例演示如何定义从 ListView 中派生的类。此类将重写 PrepareContainerForItemOverride 方法，以便创建具有交替 Background 颜色的行。C#  复制代码 
public class SubListView : ListView
{
    protected override void
        PrepareContainerForItemOverride(DependencyObject element,
        object item)
    {
        base.PrepareContainerForItemOverride(element, item);
        if (View is GridView)
        {
            int index = ItemContainerGenerator.IndexFromContainer(element);
            ListViewItem lvi = element as ListViewItem;
            if (index % 2 == 0)
            {
                lvi.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
            }
            else
            {
                lvi.Background = Brushes.Beige;
            }
        }
    }
}
 下面的示例演示如何创建此类的实例。namespc 前缀映射到 公共语言运行库 (CLR) 命名空间和其中定义了 StyleSelector 的对应程序集。XAML  复制代码 
<namespc:SubListView
      ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource EmployeeData}, 
                                        XPath=Employee}">
  <namespc:SubListView.View>
    <GridView>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FirstName}" 
                      Header="First Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=LastName}" 
                      Header="Last Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FavoriteCity}" 
                      Header="Favorite City" Width="120"/>
    </GridView>
  </namespc:SubListView.View>
</namespc:SubListView>
 方法 3：使用 StyleSelector 使背景色产生交替效果 下面的示例演示如何定义一个为行定义 Style 的 StyleSelector。此示例依据行索引定义 Background 颜色。C#  复制代码 
public class ListViewItemStyleSelector : StyleSelector
{
    public override Style SelectStyle(object item, 
        DependencyObject container)
    {
        Style st = new Style();
        st.TargetType = typeof(ListViewItem);
        Setter backGroundSetter = new Setter();
        backGroundSetter.Property = ListViewItem.BackgroundProperty;
        ListView listView = 
            ItemsControl.ItemsControlFromItemContainer(container) 
              as ListView;
        int index = 
            listView.ItemContainerGenerator.IndexFromContainer(container);
        if (index % 2 == 0)
        {
            backGroundSetter.Value = Brushes.LightBlue;
        }
        else
        {
            backGroundSetter.Value = Brushes.Beige;
        }
        st.Setters.Add(backGroundSetter);
        return st;
    }
}    
 下面的示例演示如何为 StyleSelector 定义 ResourceKey。namespc 前缀映射到 CLR 命名空间和其中定义了 StyleSelector 的对应程序集。有关更多信息，请参见 XAML 命名空间和命名空间映射。XAML  复制代码 
<namespc:ListViewItemStyleSelector x:Key="myStyleSelector"/>
 下面的示例演示如何将 ListView 的 ItemContainerStyleSelector 属性设置为此 StyleSelector 资源。XAML  复制代码 
<ListView 
      ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource EmployeeData}, 
                                        XPath=Employee}"
      ItemContainerStyleSelector="{DynamicResource myStyleSelector}" >      
  <ListView.View>
    <GridView>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FirstName}" 
                      Header="First Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=LastName}" 
                      Header="Last Name" Width="120"/>
      <GridViewColumn DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding XPath=FavoriteCity}" 
                      Header="Favorite City" Width="120"/>
    </GridView>
  </ListView.View>
</ListView>
 在 ListViewItem 集合中进行更改后更新 ListView 如果从 ListView 控件中添加或移除 ListViewItem，您必须更新 ListViewItem 控件以便重新创建交替的 Background 颜色。下面的示例演示如何更新 ListViewItem 控件。C#  复制代码 
ICollectionView dataView =
  CollectionViewSource.GetDefaultView(theListView.ItemsSource);
dataView.Refresh(); 

Answer 5

谢谢lookmai ,前面两种没试过,不过第三种可以实现,非常感谢