如何:复制、删除和移动文件和文件夹(C# 编程指南)以下示例说明如何使用 System.IO 命名空间中的 System.IO.File、System.IO.Directory、System.IO.FileInfo 和 System.IO.DirectoryInfo 类以同步方式复制、移动和删除文件和文件夹。这些示例没有提供进度栏或其他任何用户界面。如果您想提供一个标准进度对话框,请参见如何:提供文件操作进度对话框(C# 编程指南)。在操作多个文件时,请使用 System.IO.FileSystemWatcher 提供一些事件,以便可以利用这些事件计算进度。另一种方法是使用平台调用来调用 Windows Shell 中相应的文件相关方法。有关如何异步执行这些文件操作的信息,请参见异步文件 I/O。示例 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------下面的示例演示如何复制文件和目录。 // Simple synchronous file copy operations with no user interface. // To run this sample, first create the following directories and files: // C:\Users\Public\TestFolder // C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\test.txt // C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir\test.txt public class SimpleFileCopy { static void Main() { string fileName = "test.txt"; string sourcePath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder"; string targetPath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir"; // Use Path class to manipulate file and directory paths. string sourceFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(sourcePath, fileName); string destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName); // To copy a folder's contents to a new location: // Create a new target folder, if necessary. if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(targetPath)) { System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(targetPath); } // To copy a file to another location and // overwrite the destination file if it already exists. System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, destFile, true); // To copy all the files in one directory to another directory. // Get the files in the source folder. (To recursively iterate through // all subfolders under the current directory, see // "How to: Iterate Through a Directory Tree.") // Note: Check for target path was performed previously // in this code example. if (System.IO.Directory.Exists(sourcePath)) { string[] files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(sourcePath); // Copy the files and overwrite destination files if they already exist. foreach (string s in files) { // Use static Path methods to extract only the file name from the path. fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(s); destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName); System.IO.File.Copy(s, destFile, true); } } else { Console.WriteLine("Source path does not exist!"); } // Keep console window open in debug mode. Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit."); Console.ReadKey(); } } 下面的示例演示如何移动文件和目录。// Simple synchronous file move operations with no user interface. public class SimpleFileMove { static void Main() { string sourceFile = @"C:\Users\Public\public\test.txt"; string destinationFile = @"C:\Users\Public\private\test.txt"; // To move a file or folder to a new location: System.IO.File.Move(sourceFile, destinationFile); // To move an entire directory. To programmatically modify or combine // path strings, use the System.IO.Path class. System.IO.Directory.Move(@"C:\Users\Public\public\test\", @"C:\Users\Public\private"); } } 下面的示例演示如何删除文件和目录。 // Simple synchronous file deletion operations with no user interface. // To run this sample, create the following files on your drive: // C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test1.txt // C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt // C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\SubDir\test2.txtpublic class SimpleFileDelete { static void Main() { // Delete a file by using File class static method... if(System.IO.File.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt")) { // Use a try block to catch IOExceptions, to // handle the case of the file already being // opened by another process. try { System.IO.File.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt"); } catch (System.IO.IOException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); return; } } // ...or by using FileInfo instance method. System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt"); try { fi.Delete(); } catch (System.IO.IOException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } // Delete a directory. Must be writable or empty. try { System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest"); } catch (System.IO.IOException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } // Delete a directory and all subdirectories with Directory static method... if(System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest")) { try { System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest", true); } catch (System.IO.IOException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } } // ...or with DirectoryInfo instance method. System.IO.DirectoryInfo di = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\public"); // Delete this dir and all subdirs. try { di.Delete(true); } catch (System.IO.IOException e) { Console.WriteLine(e.Message); } } }
File.Delete
File 文件操作
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------下面的示例演示如何复制文件和目录。
// Simple synchronous file copy operations with no user interface.
// To run this sample, first create the following directories and files:
// C:\Users\Public\TestFolder
// C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\test.txt
// C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir\test.txt
public class SimpleFileCopy
{
static void Main()
{
string fileName = "test.txt";
string sourcePath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder";
string targetPath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir"; // Use Path class to manipulate file and directory paths.
string sourceFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(sourcePath, fileName);
string destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName); // To copy a folder's contents to a new location:
// Create a new target folder, if necessary.
if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(targetPath))
{
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(targetPath);
} // To copy a file to another location and
// overwrite the destination file if it already exists.
System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, destFile, true); // To copy all the files in one directory to another directory.
// Get the files in the source folder. (To recursively iterate through
// all subfolders under the current directory, see
// "How to: Iterate Through a Directory Tree.")
// Note: Check for target path was performed previously
// in this code example.
if (System.IO.Directory.Exists(sourcePath))
{
string[] files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(sourcePath); // Copy the files and overwrite destination files if they already exist.
foreach (string s in files)
{
// Use static Path methods to extract only the file name from the path.
fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(s);
destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName);
System.IO.File.Copy(s, destFile, true);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Source path does not exist!");
} // Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
下面的示例演示如何移动文件和目录。// Simple synchronous file move operations with no user interface.
public class SimpleFileMove
{
static void Main()
{
string sourceFile = @"C:\Users\Public\public\test.txt";
string destinationFile = @"C:\Users\Public\private\test.txt"; // To move a file or folder to a new location:
System.IO.File.Move(sourceFile, destinationFile); // To move an entire directory. To programmatically modify or combine
// path strings, use the System.IO.Path class.
System.IO.Directory.Move(@"C:\Users\Public\public\test\", @"C:\Users\Public\private");
}
}
下面的示例演示如何删除文件和目录。
// Simple synchronous file deletion operations with no user interface.
// To run this sample, create the following files on your drive:
// C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test1.txt
// C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt
// C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\SubDir\test2.txtpublic class SimpleFileDelete
{
static void Main()
{
// Delete a file by using File class static method...
if(System.IO.File.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt"))
{
// Use a try block to catch IOExceptions, to
// handle the case of the file already being
// opened by another process.
try
{
System.IO.File.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
return;
}
} // ...or by using FileInfo instance method.
System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt");
try
{
fi.Delete();
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
} // Delete a directory. Must be writable or empty.
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Delete a directory and all subdirectories with Directory static method...
if(System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest"))
{
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest", true);
} catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
} // ...or with DirectoryInfo instance method.
System.IO.DirectoryInfo di = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\public");
// Delete this dir and all subdirs.
try
{
di.Delete(true);
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
} }
}
File.Copy
File.Delete
http://www.codeproject.com/KB/files/File_Copy_Delete_Browser.aspx
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