Struts2.1.6+spring2.5.6+hibernate3.3.1框架集报错：Context initialization failed

Question

我现在需要搭建一个J2EE框架，选择使用Struts2.1.6+spring2.5.6+hibernate3.3.1框架集，一切搭建成功后，尝试写了一个分页查询接口，但是一直报错：
[02:27:02] ERROR context.ContextLoader "Context initialization failed"
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'loginManager' defined in file [D:\Tomcat 5.5\webapps\DataCenter\WEB-INF\classes\applicationContext-beans.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 'sessionFactory' or 'hibernateTemplate' is required at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:429)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3764)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4216)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:760)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:740)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:544)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:927)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:890)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:120)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1022)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:736)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1014)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:448)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:700)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:552)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:295)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:433)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 'sessionFactory' or 'hibernateTemplate' is required
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport.checkDaoConfig(HibernateDaoSupport.java:117)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DaoSupport.afterPropertiesSet(DaoSupport.java:44)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335)
... 39 more
[02:27:02] ERROR [localhost].[/DataCenter] "Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener"
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'loginManager' defined in file [D:\Tomcat 5.5\webapps\DataCenter\WEB-INF\classes\applicationContext-beans.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 'sessionFactory' or 'hibernateTemplate' is required
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1338)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:473)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory$1.run(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:409)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:380)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:264)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:164)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:429)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:728)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:380)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3764)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4216)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:760)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:740)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:544)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:927)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:890)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:492)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1150)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:311)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:120)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1022)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:736)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1014)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:448)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:700)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:552)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:295)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:433)
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: 'sessionFactory' or 'hibernateTemplate' is required
at org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport.checkDaoConfig(HibernateDaoSupport.java:117)
at org.springframework.dao.support.DaoSupport.afterPropertiesSet(DaoSupport.java:44)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1369)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1335)
... 39 more由于对于这个spring的注入不是特别理解，请各位大虾帮忙指点！不胜感激！

Answer 1

应该是注入 loginManager
这个bean时出的错 检查这块

Answer 2

这是我的applicationContext.xml配置文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
                 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> <bean id="sessionFactory"   
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation">
            <value>classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml</value>
        </property>
        </bean>
        <bean id="loginAction" class="com.test.dc.action.LoginAction"
scope="prototype">
<property name="loginManager" ref="loginManager"></property>
</bean>
        <bean id="DBUtil"
class="com.adtec.datacenter.util.DBUtil">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="pageDao"
class="com.adtec.datacenter.util.page.PageDaoImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="loginManager"
class="com.test.dc.manager.impl.LoginManagerImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
其中数据库连接在hibernate.cfg.xml中配置，随后贴出

Answer 3

以下是Hibernate.cfg.xml的配置：
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><!-- Generated by MyEclipse Hibernate Tools. -->
<hibernate-configuration><session-factory>
<!-- JDBC connection -->
<!-- SQL dialect -->
        
<!--<property name="connection.driver_class">
oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
</property>
<property name="connection.url">
jdbc:oracle:thin:@//127.0.0.1:1521/orcl
</property>
<property name="connection.username">test</property>
<property name="connection.password">000000</property>


--><!-- proxool connection pools-->
<property name="hibernate.proxool.pool_alias">pool</property>
<property name="hibernate.proxool.xml">proxoolconf.xml</property>
<property name="connection.provider_class">
org.hibernate.connection.ProxoolConnectionProvider
</property>

<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property>
<property name="hibernate.cglib.use_reflection_optimizer">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="show_format">true</property> <mapping resource="com/test/dc/model/Teacher.hbm.xml" />
<mapping resource="com/test/dc/model/TUser.hbm.xml" /></session-factory></hibernate-configuration>
我这里使用了proxool连接池配置
proxoolconf.xml中：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<something-else-entirely>
<proxool>
<alias>pool</alias>
<!--proxool只能管理由自己产生的链接-->
<driver-url>jdbc:oracle:thin:@//127.0.0.1:1521/orcl</driver-url>
<driver-class>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</driver-class>   
<driver-properties>
<property name="user" value="test"></property>
<property name="password" value="000000"></property>
</driver-properties>

 <!-- proxool自动侦查各个链接状态的毫秒数，侦查到空闲的链接就马上回收，超时的销毁 -->
     <house-keeping-sleep-time>90000</house-keeping-sleep-time>
     <!-- 当连接忙时等候的最大请求数,超过这个请求将不再接收-->
     <maximum-new-connections>20</maximum-new-connections>
     <!-- 最少保持的空闲连接数 -->
     <prototype-count>5</prototype-count>
     <!--最大连接数 -->
     <maximum-connection-count>100</maximum-connection-count>
     <!-- 最小连接数 -->
     <minimum-connection-count>10</minimum-connection-count>
     <!-- 自动重连 -->
     <house-keeping-test-sql>select 1 from DUAL</house-keeping-test-sql>
</proxool>
</something-else-entirely>

Answer 4

struts.xml只是配置了跳转，这里就不贴了，以下是我写的分页类：
package com.adtec.datacenter.util.page;import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.hibernate.criterion.Criterion;public interface PageDao { public List<Object> findPageByQuery(int pageNo, int pageSize, String hql, 
Map map);

public int pageCount(int rowCount,int pageSize);

public int getTotalCount(String hql, Map map);

public List queryEntitiesByPage(PageInfo pageObject, String queryStr, Map map);

public PageInfo queryEntitiesByCriteriaWihtPage(String fullClassName , int pageCurrent, int pageSize,
Criterion... criterions);
}对以上接口的实现：
package com.adtec.datacenter.util.page;import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.hibernate.Criteria;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Criterion;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Projections;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;public class PageDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements PageDao { /**
 * @function 通过条件查询对应数据
 * @param pageNo  : 页数
 * @param pageSize：页面记录数
 * @param hql     ： 查询语句
 * @param map     ： 查询条件
 * @return        ：查询结果集
 */
public List<Object> findPageByQuery(int pageNo, int pageSize, String hql, 
Map map){
List<Object> result = null;
try   
{
Query query = this.getSession().createQuery(hql); 
Iterator it = map.keySet().iterator(); 
while (it.hasNext())   
{                  
Object key = it.next();      
query.setParameter(key.toString(), map.get(key));
}                          
query.setFirstResult((pageNo - 1) * pageSize);  
query.setMaxResults(pageSize);   
result = query.list();  
} catch (RuntimeException re)  
{                      
throw re; 
}  
return result;         
}
/**
 * 通过记录总数和每页记录数，计算总页数
 * @param rowCount   :记录总条数
 * @param pageSize   ：每页记录数
 * @return pCount    :页数
 */
public int pageCount(int rowCount,int pageSize){
int pCount = 0;
if(rowCount < 0){
return -1;
}
if(pageSize < 0){
return -1;
}
if(rowCount % rowCount==0){
pCount = rowCount/rowCount;
}else{
pCount = rowCount/rowCount + 1;
}
return pCount;
}
/**     * @function 根据查询条件查询记录数的个数
     * @param hql
     *            hql查询语句
     * @param map
     *            用map封装查询条件
     * @return 数据库中满足查询条件的数据的条数
     */ public int getTotalCount(String hql, Map map)
{
try
{
Query query = this.getSession().createQuery(hql);
Iterator it = map.keySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext())
{
Object key = it.next();
query.setParameter(key.toString(), map.get(key));
} Integer i = (Integer) query.list().get(0);
return i;
} catch (RuntimeException re)
{
throw re;
}
}

/**
 * @function 根据查询条件查询记录数的个数
 * @param pageObject  :页面类实例
 * @param queryStr    :查询语句
 * @param map         :查询条件集合
 * @return List       :查询结果集
 */
public List queryEntitiesByPage(PageInfo pageObject, String queryStr, Map map)
  {
    int rowCount = getTotalCount(queryStr , map);
    int pageCount = this.pageCount(rowCount, pageObject.getPageSize());
    int pageCurrent = pageObject.getPageCurrent();
    pageObject.setPageCount(pageCount);
    pageObject.setPageCurrent(pageCurrent);
    pageObject.setRowCount(rowCount);
    
    Query query = this.getSession().createQuery(queryStr);
    query.setFirstResult((pageCurrent - 1) * pageObject.getPageSize());
    query.setMaxResults(pageObject.getPageSize());
    List list = query.list();
    return list;
  }

/**
     * @function 分页显示符合所有的记录数，将查询结果封装为page
     * @param pageCurrent
     *            当前页数
     * @param pageSize
     *            每页显示的条数
     * @param criterions
     *            不定参数Criterion
     * @return 查询结果Pager
     */ public PageInfo queryEntitiesByCriteriaWihtPage(String fullClassName , int pageCurrent, int pageSize,
Criterion... criterions) { PageInfo page = null;
try {
Criteria criteria = this.getSession().createCriteria(
Class.forName(fullClassName));
if (criterions != null) {
for (Criterion criterion : criterions) {
if (criterion != null) {
criteria.add(criterion);
}
}
} // 获取根据条件分页查询的总行数
int rowCount = (Integer) criteria.setProjection(
Projections.rowCount()).uniqueResult();
// 通过总行数和每页条数，计算页数
int pageCount = this.pageCount(rowCount, pageSize); criteria.setProjection(null);
criteria.setFirstResult((pageCurrent - 1) * pageSize);
criteria.setMaxResults(pageSize); List result = criteria.list(); page = new PageInfo(rowCount, pageCount, pageSize, pageCurrent,
result);
} catch (RuntimeException re) {
throw re;
} finally {
return page;
}
}}

Answer 5

<bean id="loginManager"
class="com.test.dc.manager.impl.LoginManagerImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>错了
 你LoginManagerImpl里面注入的是什么？没有dao??

Answer 6

谢谢各位，经过仔细的检查，发现了bean注入的时候包含有问题，还是对这个架构不熟悉的缘故啊！
修改了程序，已经没问题了：
具体来说，我的LoginAction中，使用了LoginManger的实现类LoginManagerImpl
而在LoginManagerImpl中又调用了PageDao的实现类PageDaoImpl，真正的查询时在PageDaoImpl完成的
所以，applicationContext.xml应该如下配置：
<bean id="loginAction" class="com.adtec.datacenter.action.other.LoginAction"  
     scope="prototype">
     <property name="loginManager" ref="loginManager"></property
</bean>
<bean id="loginManager" class="com.test.dc.manager.impl.LoginManagerImpl">
     <property name="pageDao" ref="pageDao"></property>
</bean>
<bean id="pageDao" class="com.adtec.datacenter.util.page.PageDaoImpl">
     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
struts.xml只是做页面定为跳转，就很简单了！PS：说实话，之前不是很理解，为什么每个Dao类都需要有一个接口，后来看了网上的评论，觉得自己对代码看得太死，没有理解spring的真正意义所在！