struts+hibnate的一个项目，tomat启动时后台报错了

Question

  web.xml内容如下：<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
  <filter>
   <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
   <filter-class>com.xdf.exams.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter>
   <filter-name>hibernate</filter-name>
   <filter-class>com.xdf.exams.filter.HibernateFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter>
   <filter-name>rightfilter</filter-name>
   <filter-class>com.xdf.exams.filter.RightFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>  
  <filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>  
  <filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>hibernate</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter-mapping>
   <filter-name>rightfilter</filter-name>
   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>  
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>config</param-name>
      <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>debug</param-name>
      <param-value>3</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>detail</param-name>
      <param-value>3</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Answer 1

   tomcat后台报错如下：2008-5-3 14:36:31 org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init
信息: Initializing Coyote HTTP/1.1 on http-8081
Starting service Tomcat-Standalone
Apache Tomcat/4.1.31
2008-5-3 14:36:32 org.apache.commons.digester.Digester error
严重: Parse Error at line 2 column 221: Document root element "web-app", must match DOCTYPE root "null".
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Document root element "web-app", must match DOCTYPE root "null".
at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.rootElementSpecified(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDispatcher.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DTDConfiguration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.commons.digester.Digester.parse(Digester.java:1548)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.applicationConfig(ContextConfig.java:220)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.start(ContextConfig.java:579)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:181)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:3523)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1141)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:707)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1141)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:316)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:450)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:2143)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:463)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.execute(Catalina.java:350)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.process(Catalina.java:129)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:156)
2008-5-3 14:36:32 org.apache.commons.digester.Digester error
严重: Parse Error at line 2 column 221: Document is invalid: no grammar found.
org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Document is invalid: no grammar found.
at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.dtd.XMLDTDValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$ContentDispatcher.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.DTDConfiguration.parse(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)

    大家有知道的请指点一二，谢谢了

Answer 2

1.web.xml第一行前面不能有空格和换行
2.重装Tomcat

Answer 3

tomcat 4 支持的是servlet 2.3, jsp 1.2换Tomcat 5

Answer 4

   我的好哥哥，别说tomcat5，就是tomcat6我都按个试了个遍，都是一样的错呀

Answer 5

我感觉不是web.xml报错 不知道对不对

Answer 6

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> 
 或者
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee">