Hibernate的配置文件常见问题请教

Question

使用hibernate经常会出现些什么问题呀？请教各位高手啦！底下这样的错误常常是什么原因引起的？
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.MappingException: invalid configuration
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:2009)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:1926)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.configure(Configuration.java:1905)
at DAO.gradeManager.main(gradeManager.java:14)
Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Document is invalid: no grammar found.
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:195)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(ErrorHandlerWrapper.java:131)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:384)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(XMLErrorReporter.java:318)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:250)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:626)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3095)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:921)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:648)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:140)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:510)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:807)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:737)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:107)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1205)
at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:522)
at org.dom4j.io.SAXReader.read(SAXReader.java:465)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.doConfigure(Configuration.java:2006)
... 3 more

Answer 1

hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件中mapping 的配置如下 引起的<mapping 
   resource="imageacquisition/scan/model/Imgbatchinfo.hbm.xml" />
   <mapping resource="imageacquisition/scan/model/Imgscaninfo.hbm.xml" />
   <mapping resource="login/model/Imguserinfo.hbm.xml"></mapping> 
   <mapping 
    resource="exproperty/model/Imgextenddefine.hbm.xml">
  
   </mapping> 
   <mapping 
   resource="removereason/model/Imgremovereason.hbm.xml"></mapping>
mapping 不要换行  写成如下格式<mapping resource="imageacquisition/scan/model/Imgscaninfo.hbm.xml" /><mapping resource="imageacquisition/scan/model/Imgscaninfo.hbm.xml" /><mapping resource="imageacquisition/scan/model/Imgscaninfo.hbm.xml" />

Answer 2

没有换行呀，我的就只有一个mapping元素
 
<mapping resource="DAO/grade.hbm.xml"/>

Answer 3

没有啊，就是用的SQL Server 2005
配置文件中也是配置的这个呀

Answer 4

你是说mapping那里改成grade.hbm.xml吗
试过了，还是同样的错误

Answer 5

配置文件解析出错，很有可能配置文件头部少了一句，导致有些标签解析不了
例如struts的配置文件头部会加如下内容<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN" 
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd"> hibernate的也一样

Answer 6

查这个gradeManager的xml是否正确

Answer 7

虽然没有加DTD，但是我加了这个
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<hibernate-configuration
        xmlns="http://www.hibernate.org/xsd/hibernate-configuration"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.hibernate.org/xsd/hibernate-configuration hibernate-configuration-4.0.xsd"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
而且是从官网的toturial直接copy过来的
我也试过再加DTD，加上的话会出错