有关一个SSH整合的问题

Question

做一个在线考试系统,采用Struts+Hibernate+Spring,运行时log4j出现这样的问题:
DelegatingActionProxy with mapping path '/adminLogin' and module prefix '' delegating to Spring bean with name [/adminLogin]
No action instance for path /adminLogin could be created
java.lang.NullPointerException
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1270)
at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1201)
at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationClass(RequestUtils.java:117)
at org.apache.struts.util.RequestUtils.applicationInstance(RequestUtils.java:143)
at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.processActionCreate(RequestProcessor.java:280)
at org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor.processActionCreate(DelegatingRequestProcessor.java:150)
at org.apache.struts.action.RequestProcessor.process(RequestProcessor.java:218)
at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.process(ActionServlet.java:1194)
at com.exam.struts.action.base.MyActionServlet.process(MyActionServlet.java:15)
at org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet.doPost(ActionServlet.java:432)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:709)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:802)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:252)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:173)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:213)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:178)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:126)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:105)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:107)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:148)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.process(Http11Processor.java:869)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11BaseProtocol$Http11ConnectionHandler.processConnection(Http11BaseProtocol.java:664)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.PoolTcpEndpoint.processSocket(PoolTcpEndpoint.java:527)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.runIt(LeaderFollowerWorkerThread.java:80)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:684)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
搞了几天,自己估计是配置文件的问题,但不知问题出在哪?请教高手,不胜感激!
附上配置文件:

Answer 1

struts-config.xml:
<struts-config>
  <data-sources />
  <form-beans >
    <form-bean name="loginAdminForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="password" type="java.lang.String" />
      <form-property name="name" type="java.lang.String" />
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="loginexamForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="stuname" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="stunumber" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="addStudentForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="id" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="realname" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="stuName" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="className" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="address" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="phone" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="email" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="humanId" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="addQuestionForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="title" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="examType" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="score" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="level" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="note" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="choices" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="standardAnswer" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="addTestForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="testName" type="java.lang.String"/>
      <form-property name="testTime" type="java.lang.String"/>
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="studentLoginForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="stuNumber" type="java.lang.String" />
      <form-property name="stuName" type="java.lang.String" />
    </form-bean>
    
    <form-bean name="replyFormForm" type="org.apache.struts.validator.DynaValidatorForm">
      <form-property name="idr" type="java.lang.String" />
      <form-property name="options" type="java.lang.String" />
    </form-bean>
  </form-beans>  <global-exceptions>
     <exception key="examException" 
                type="com.exam.exception.ExamException"
                scope="request"
                path="/WEB-INF/jsp/error.jsp">
     </exception>
     <exception key="otherException" 
                type="java.lang.Exception"
                scope="request"
                path="/WEB-INF/jsp/error.jsp">
     </exception>
  </global-exceptions>
  
  <global-forwards>
     <forward name="admin" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"></forward>
     <forward name="loginExam" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/loginExam.jsp"></forward>
  </global-forwards>
  
  <action-mappings>
    <!-- 进入后台管理的登录页面 -->
    <action path="/admin" forward="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"></action>
    <!-- 进入添加学生的表单页 -->
    <action path="/addStudent" forward="/WEB-INF/jsp/addStudent.jsp"></action>
    <!-- 进入添加考试类型的表单页 -->
    <action path="/addTest" forward="/WEB-INF/jsp/addTest.jsp"></action>
    <!-- 进入学生登录的表单页 -->
    <action path="/login" forward="/WEB-INF/jsp/loginExam.jsp"></action>
    <action path="/loginExam" forward="/WEB-INF/jsp/loginExam.jsp"></action>
       
    <!-- 处理后台管理员登录 -->
    <action
      path="/adminLogin"
      name="loginAdminForm"
      validate="false"
      scope="request">
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/addStudent.jsp"></forward>
      <forward name="failure" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理添加学生 -->
    <action
      validate="false"
      name="addStudentForm"
      path="/processAddStudent"
      scope="request">
      <forward name="success" path="/listStudent.do"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理列出学生 -->
    <action
      validate="false"
      path="/listStudent"
      scope="request">
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/listStudent.jsp"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理删除学生 -->
    <action 
      path="/delStudent"
      scope="request"
      validate="false">
      <forward name="success" path="/listStudent.do"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理添加考试类型 -->
    <action
       validate="false"
       name="addTestForm"
       path="/processAddTest"
       scope="request">
       <forward name="success" path="/addQuestion.do"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 进入添加试题的表单页 -->
    <action
       path="/addQuestion"
       scope="request"
       validate="false">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/addQuestion.jsp"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 列出所有试题 -->
    <action
       validate="false"
       scope="request"
       path="/listQuestion">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/listQuestion.jsp"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理删除试题 -->
    <action 
       validate="false"
       scope="request"
       path="/delQuestion">
       <forward name="success" path="/listQuestion.do"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理添加试题 -->
    <action 
       validate="false"
       scope="request"
       name="addQuestionForm"
       path="/processAddQuestion">
       <forward name="success" path="/listQuestion.do"></forward>
    </action>
    
    <!-- 处理考生登录 -->
    <action
      validate="false"
      name="studentLoginForm"
      path="/processLogin"
      scope="request">
      <forward name="success" path="/prepare.do"></forward>
      <forward name="failure" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/loginExam.jsp"></forward>
     </action>
  
     <!-- 处理考生预备 -->
     <action 
       scope="request"
       path="/prepare">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/prepare.jsp"></forward>
     </action>
     
     <!-- 处理考生开始考试 -->
     <action
       scope="request"
       path="/begin">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/examMain.jsp"></forward>
     </action>
     
     <!-- 处理考生答题 -->
     <action 
       validate="false"
       scope="request"
       name="replyForm"
       path="/reply">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/examMain.jsp"></forward>
       <forward name="finish" path="/finish.do"></forward>
     </action>
     
     <!-- 统计考试结果 -->
     <action 
       scope="request"
       path="/finish">
       <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/show.jsp"></forward>
     </action>
  </action-mappings>  <controller processorClass="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor"/>
  
  <message-resources  parameter="message"/>
  
  <plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation"
          value="/WEB-INF/classes/actionContext.xml,/WEB-INF/classes/appContext.xml,/WEB-INF/classes/daoContext.xml" />
     <!--
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation"
              value="/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml" />-->
  </plug-in>  <plug-in className="org.apache.struts.validator.ValidatorPlugIn">
<set-property property="pathnames" value="/WEB-INF/validator-rules.xml,/WEB-INF/validation.xml" />
<set-property property="stopOnFirstError" value="true" />
  </plug-in>
</struts-config>

Answer 2

daoContext.xml文件:
<bean name="daoTemplate" abstract="true">
     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置考试系统管理员DAO,通过指定parent属性来继承daoTemplate -->
<bean name="examUserDao" class="com.exam.impl.ExamUserDaoHibernate" parent="daoTemplate"></bean>
<bean name="examTypeDao" class="com.exam.impl.ExamTypeDaoHibernate" parent="daoTemplate"></bean>
<bean name="studentDao"  class="com.exam.impl.StudentDaoHibernate"  parent="daoTemplate"></bean>
<bean name="questionDao" class="com.exam.impl.QuestionDaoHibernate" parent="daoTemplate"></bean>
    
actionContext.xml文件
<bean name="actionTemplate" abstract="true">
     <property name="examService" ref="examService"></property>
</bean>

<!-- 处理管理员登录 -->
<bean name="/amdinLogin" class="com.exam.struts.action.AdminLoginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理添加学生 -->
<bean name="/processAddStudent" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理列出学生 -->
<bean name="/listStudnet" class="com.exam.struts.action.ListStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理删除学生 -->
<bean name="/delStudent" class="com.exam.struts.action.DelStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理添加考试类型 -->
<bean name="/processAddTest" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddTestAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 进入添加试题的表单页 -->
<bean name="/addQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.BeforeAddQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理列出问题 -->
<bean name="/listQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.ListQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理删除试题 -->
<bean name="/delQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.DelQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理添加试题 -->
<bean name="/processAddQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 处理学生登录 -->
<bean name="/processLogin" class="com.exam.struts.action.StudentLoginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 学生准备考试 -->
<bean name="/prepare" class="com.exam.struts.action.BeginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 学生答题 -->
<bean name="/reply" class="com.exam.struts.action.ReplyAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>
<!-- 考试结束 -->
<bean name="/finish" class="com.exam.struts.action.FinishAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"></bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
     <property name="beanNames">
           <list>
                <value>/processAddStudent</value>
                <value>/listStudent</value>
                <value>/delStudent</value>
                <value>/processAddTestt</value>
                <value>/listQuestion</value>
                <value>/delQuestion</value>
                <value>/addQuestion</value>
                <value>/processAddQuestion</value><!-- 不同原 -->
           </list>
     </property>
     <property name="interceptorNames">
           <list>
                <value>authorityInterceptor</value>
           </list>
     </property>
</bean>
<bean id="authorityInterceptor" class="com.exam.authority.AuthorityInterceptor"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
     <property name="beanNames">
            <list>
                 <value>/reply</value>
                 <value>/finish</value>
            </list>
     </property>
     <property name="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                 <value>examInterceptor</value>
            </list>
     </property>
</bean>
<bean id="examInterceptor" class="com.exam.authority.ExamInterceptor"></bean>

Answer 3

appContext.xml文件
<beans
xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd">
    
    <!-- 定义数据源Bean，使用C3P0数据源实现 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/onlinexam"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="329435123"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="40"></property>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="1"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"></property>
<property name="maxIdleTime" value="20"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource" />
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="show_sql">true</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
        <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">20</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com/exam/model/ExamUser.hbm.xml</value>
<value>com/exam/model/ExamType.hbm.xml</value>
<value>com/exam/model/Question.hbm.xml</value>
<value>com/exam/model/Student.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
     <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>

<bean id="transactionInterceptor" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
     <!-- 事务拦截器bean需要依赖注入一个事务管理器 -->
     <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
     <property name="transactionAttributes">
          <!-- 下面定义事务传播属性 -->
          <props>
                <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
                <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
          </props>           
     </property>
</bean>

<!-- 定义业务逻辑处理组件 -->
<bean id="examService" class="com.exam.service.impl.ExamServiceImpl">
     <property name="examUserDao" ref="examUserDao"></property>
     <property name="examTypeDao" ref="examTypeDao"></property>
     <property name="studentDao" ref="studentDao"></property>
     <property name="questionDao" ref="questionDao"></property>
</bean>    <!-- 定义BeanNameAutoProxyCreator -->
<bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
     <!-- 指定对满足哪些Bean name的Bean自动生成业务代理 -->
     <property name="beanNames">
           <!-- 下面是所有需要自动创建事务代理的Bean-->
               <list>
                     <value>examService</value>
               </list>
               <!-- 此处可增加其他需要自动创建事务代理的Bean-->
     </property>
     <!-- 下面定义BeanNameAutoProxyCreator所需的事务拦截器-->
     <property name="interceptorNames">
           <list>
                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
                 <!-- 此处可增加其他新的Interceptor -->
           </list>
     </property>
</bean>
</beans>

Answer 4

<action 
      scope="request" 
      path="/prepare"> 
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/prepare.jsp"> </forward> 
    </action> 你ACTION里所有的spring 委托代理接口呢>

Answer 5

错误已经说得很明白了：'/adminLogin' and module prefix '' delegating to Spring bean with name [/adminLogin] 
No action instance for path /adminLogin could be created struts 的/adminLogin 和  Spring 的/adminLogin，
没有action /adminLogin被创建 ，你看看struts的配置：
<!-- 处理后台管理员登录 --> 
    <action 
      path="/adminLogin" 
      name="loginAdminForm" 
      validate="false" 
      scope="request"> 
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/addStudent.jsp"> </forward> 
      <forward name="failure" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"> </forward> 
    </action> 
    
里面的class属性呢？这当然不行了，你class都没有，怎么找得到啊

Answer 6

<!-- 处理后台管理员登录 --> 
    <action 
      path="/adminLogin" *****************************
      <!--加上：-->
       class="org.spring....."
*****************************    
      
      name="loginAdminForm" 
      validate="false" 
      scope="request"> 
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/addStudent.jsp"> </forward> 
      <forward name="failure" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"> </forward> 
    </action> 

Answer 7

DelegatingActionProxy with mapping path '/adminLogin' and module prefix '' delegating to Spring bean with name [/adminLogin] 
No action instance for path /adminLogin could be created 
java.lang.NullPointerException 
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) 
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source) 兄弟，上面错误提示中说的很清楚了<action 
      path="/adminLogin" 
      name="loginAdminForm" 
      validate="false" 
      scope="request"> 
      <forward name="success" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/addStudent.jsp"> </forward> 
      <forward name="failure" path="/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp"> </forward> 
    </action> 你的class属性没指定，应该指明他的具体的action类的路径这样就可以了

Answer 8

我把action放在spring中管理了,在daoContext.xml文件中有以下定义了:
<!-- 处理管理员登录 --> 
<bean name="/amdinLogin" class="com.exam.struts.action.AdminLoginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理添加学生 --> 
<bean name="/processAddStudent" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理列出学生 --> 
<bean name="/listStudnet" class="com.exam.struts.action.ListStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理删除学生 --> 
<bean name="/delStudent" class="com.exam.struts.action.DelStudentAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理添加考试类型 --> 
<bean name="/processAddTest" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddTestAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 进入添加试题的表单页 --> 
<bean name="/addQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.BeforeAddQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理列出问题 --> 
<bean name="/listQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.ListQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理删除试题 --> 
<bean name="/delQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.DelQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理添加试题 --> 
<bean name="/processAddQuestion" class="com.exam.struts.action.AddQuestionAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 处理学生登录 --> 
<bean name="/processLogin" class="com.exam.struts.action.StudentLoginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 学生准备考试 --> 
<bean name="/prepare" class="com.exam.struts.action.BeginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 学生答题 --> 
<bean name="/reply" class="com.exam.struts.action.ReplyAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
<!-- 考试结束 --> 
<bean name="/finish" class="com.exam.struts.action.FinishAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
难道这样写是不行的?

Answer 9

你在spring配置文件里写了
但在struts里没告诉他ACTION 的 TYPE
一般来说是
type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" 
这样SPRING容器启动时才会帮你创建这个ACTION

Answer 10

楼上的,struts加上type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" 出现以下的错误:DelegatingActionProxy with mapping path '/adminLogin' and module prefix '' delegating to Spring bean with name [/adminLogin]
No bean named '/adminLogin' found in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1cc5d23: defining beans [actionTemplate,/amdinLogin,/processAddStudent,/listStudnet,/delStudent,/processAddTest,/addQuestion,/listQuestion,/delQuestion,/processAddQuestion,/processLogin,/prepare,/reply,/finish,org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator,authorityInterceptor,org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator#1,examInterceptor,dataSource,sessionFactory,transactionManager,transactionInterceptor,examService,org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator#2,daoTemplate,examUserDao,examTypeDao,studentDao,questionDao]; root of factory hierarchy

Answer 11

问题解决,我来说下解决过程:当出现这样的错误时,我就以为是spring配置的错误,于是在找,自己又把spring文档又看一遍,后来在一高手指点下:
我竟然在
<!-- 处理管理员登录 --> 
<bean name="/amdinLogin" class="com.exam.struts.action.AdminLoginAction" scope="prototype" parent="actionTemplate"> </bean> 
这里 adminLogin写成了amdinLogin,真的很粗心啊,
真的很晕...这样都没有发现!真想撞墙死.....
想想:一开始我想法都错了,因为开始时出现一个配置文件的错误,我即时修改,然后又想当然认为是配置文件的错误,狂看spring文档致浪费不少时间!谢谢各位帮助!