CREATE TABLE Member
(
id INT IDENTITY(1,1),Memberids VARCHAR(1000)
)
INSERT INTO Member SELECT 'a,b,c'
CREATE TABLE users
(
userid VARCHAR(20) ,userName VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT INTO users SELECT 'a','小刘'
UNION ALL SELECT 'b','小王'
UNION ALL SELECT 'c','小马'
查询结果Member表
id ,Members
1 小刘,小王,小马
(
id INT IDENTITY(1,1),Memberids VARCHAR(1000)
)
INSERT INTO Member SELECT 'a,b,c'
CREATE TABLE users
(
userid VARCHAR(20) ,userName VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT INTO users SELECT 'a','小刘'
UNION ALL SELECT 'b','小王'
UNION ALL SELECT 'c','小马'
查询结果Member表
id ,Members
1 小刘,小王,小马
-- Author: liangCK 小梁
---------------------------------
--> 生成测试数据: @Member
DECLARE @Member TABLE (id INT,Memberids VARCHAR(20))
INSERT INTO @Member
SELECT 1,'a,b,c'
--> 生成测试数据: @Users
DECLARE @Users TABLE (userid VARCHAR(1),userName VARCHAR(4))
INSERT INTO @Users
SELECT 'a','小刘' UNION ALL
SELECT 'b','小王' UNION ALL
SELECT 'c','小马'--SQL查询如下:SELECT
id,
STUFF((
SELECT
','+userName AS [text()]
FROM @Users
WHERE CHARINDEX(','+userid+',',','+Memberids+',')>0
FOR XML PATH('')
),1,1,'') AS UserNames
FROM @Member AS A/*
id UserNames
----------- ---------------------------------
1 小刘,小王,小马(1 行受影响)
*/
(爱新觉罗.毓华(十八年风雨,守得冰山雪莲花开) 2007-12-23 广东深圳)/*问题描述
tba
ID classid name
1 1,2,3 西服
2 2,3 中山装
3 1,3 名裤
tbb
id classname
1 衣服
2 上衣
3 裤子我得的结果是
id classname name
1 衣服,上衣,裤子 西服
2 上衣,裤子 中山装
3 衣服,裤子 名裤
*/-----------------------------------------------------
--sql server 2000中的写法
create table tba(ID int,classid varchar(20),name varchar(10))
insert into tba values(1,'1,2,3','西服')
insert into tba values(2,'2,3' ,'中山装')
insert into tba values(3,'1,3' ,'名裤')
create table tbb(ID varchar(10), classname varchar(10))
insert into tbb values('1','衣服')
insert into tbb values('2','上衣')
insert into tbb values('3','裤子')
go--第1种方法,创建函数来显示
create function f_hb(@id varchar(10))
returns varchar(1000)
as
begin
declare @str varchar(1000)
set @str=''
select @str=@str+','+[classname] from tbb where charindex(','+cast(id as varchar)+',',','+@id+',')>0
return stuff(@str,1,1,'')
end
go
select id,classid=dbo.f_hb(classid),name from tba
drop function f_hb
/*
id classid name
----------- ------------- ----------
1 衣服,上衣,裤子 西服
2 上衣,裤子 中山装
3 衣服,裤子 名裤
(所影响的行数为 3 行)
*/--第2种方法.update
while(exists (select * from tba,tbb where charindex(tbb.id,tba.classid) >0))
update tba
set classid= replace(classid,tbb.id,tbb.classname)
from tbb
where charindex(tbb.id,tba.classid)>0
select * from tba
/*
ID classid name
----------- -------------------- ----------
1 衣服,上衣,裤子 西服
2 上衣,裤子 中山装
3 衣服,裤子 名裤
(所影响的行数为 3 行)
*/
drop table tba,tbb------------------------------------------------------------------------
--sql server 2005中先分解tba中的classid,然后再合并classname
create table tba(ID int,classid varchar(20),name varchar(10))
insert into tba values(1,'1,2,3','西服')
insert into tba values(2,'2,3' ,'中山装')
insert into tba values(3,'1,3' ,'名裤')
create table tbb(ID varchar(10), classname varchar(10))
insert into tbb values('1','衣服')
insert into tbb values('2','上衣')
insert into tbb values('3','裤子')
goSELECT id , classname , name FROM
(
SELECT DISTINCT id , name FROM (select tbc.id , tbc.name , tbb.classname from
(
SELECT A.id , A.name , B.classid FROM(SELECT id , name , [classid] = CONVERT(xml,'<root><v>' + REPLACE([classid], ',', '</v><v>') + '</v></root>') FROM tba)A
OUTER APPLY(SELECT classid = N.v.value('.', 'varchar(100)') FROM A.[classid].nodes('/root/v') N(v))B
) tbc , tbb where tbc.classid = tbb.id
) T
)A
OUTER APPLY
(
SELECT [classname]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT classname FROM (select tbc.id , tbc.name , tbb.classname from
(
SELECT A.id , A.name , B.classid FROM(SELECT id , name , [classid] = CONVERT(xml,'<root><v>' + REPLACE([classid], ',', '</v><v>') + '</v></root>') FROM tba)A
OUTER APPLY(SELECT classid = N.v.value('.', 'varchar(100)') FROM A.[classid].nodes('/root/v') N(v))B
) tbc , tbb where tbc.classid = tbb.id
) N
WHERE id = A.id and name = A.name
FOR XML AUTO), '<N classname="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N
order by iddrop table tba,tbb/*
id classname name
----------- -------------- ----------
1 衣服,上衣,裤子 西服
2 上衣,裤子 中山装
3 衣服,裤子 名裤
(3 行受影响)
*/
CREATE TABLE Member
(
id INT IDENTITY(1,1),Memberids VARCHAR(1000)
)
INSERT INTO Member SELECT 'a,b,c'
CREATE TABLE users
(
userid VARCHAR(20) ,userName VARCHAR(20)
)
INSERT INTO users SELECT 'a','小刘'
UNION ALL SELECT 'b','小王'
UNION ALL SELECT 'c','小马' while(exists (select * from Member,users where charindex(users.userid,Member.Memberids) >0))
update Member
set Memberids= replace(Memberids,users.userid,users.userName)
from users
where charindex(users.userid,Member.Memberids)>0 select * from Memberdrop table Member ,users /*
id Memberids
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 小刘,小王,小马(所影响的行数为 1 行)
*/
无论是在sql 2000,还是在 sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
----- ------
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
------ -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即, group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)1. 旧的解决方法-- 1. 创建处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id-- 2. 新的解决方法
-- 示例数据
DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'-- 查询处理
SELECT *
FROM(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
FROM @t
)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT
[values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N/*--结果
id values
----------- ----------------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
--*/--各种字符串分函数--3.3.1 使用游标法进行字符串合并处理的示例。
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
--定义结果集表变量
DECLARE @t TABLE(col1 varchar(10),col2 varchar(100))--定义游标并进行合并处理
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar(10),@col1 varchar(10),@col2 int,@s varchar(100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s=''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+','+CAST(@col2 as varchar)
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
SELECT @s=','+CAST(@col2 as varchar),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
--显示结果并删除测试数据
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
/*==============================================*/
--3.3.2 使用用户定义函数,配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO/*==============================================*/
--3.3.3 使用临时表实现字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,col2=CAST(col2 as varchar(100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar(10),@col2 varchar(100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2=CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+','+col2 ELSE col2 END,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*--更新处理后的临时表
col1 col2
---------- -------------
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--得到最终结果
SELECT col1,col2=MAX(col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO
/*==============================================*/--3.3.4.1 每组 <=2 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ----------
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
--*/--3.3.4.2 每组 <=3 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=3 THEN ','
+CAST((SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN(MAX(a.col2),MIN(a.col2))) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)>=2 THEN ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ------------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
--*/
GO
if not object_id('A') is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N'张三' union all
select 2,N'李四' union all
select 3,N'王五' union all
select 4,N'蔡六'
Go
--> -->
if not object_id('B') is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N'1,2,3' union all
select 2,N'3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname=replace(@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex('%,'+rtrim(ID)+',%',','+@cname+',')>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from Bid cname
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六(2 個資料列受到影響)
一条sql语句能写出来吗?