做一个家庭记录收支的小程序,在设计日账表(tbDayAccount)的时候,觉得有些困难。
假设家庭支出中的一项大类伙食在第1层;第2层可以是主食、副食、零食、外食;其中主食的第3层可以是大米、面条、面包、年糕等。如果我设计tbDayAccount的字段为:atuoId、type1、type2、type3、type4、spend、flag、decription;其中type1至type4分别对应第1层至第4层的物品代码,那么我在设计这些代码与名称的对应关系表的时候感觉无从下手(觉得要好多表,第1层目前分了26项,可以在缩小,控制在20项以内,还有第2、第3层),它们是多对多的关系。我只能想到用配置文件的方式去解决这个问题,请教在数据库设计上有没有什么好方法来解决这个问题?
假设家庭支出中的一项大类伙食在第1层;第2层可以是主食、副食、零食、外食;其中主食的第3层可以是大米、面条、面包、年糕等。如果我设计tbDayAccount的字段为:atuoId、type1、type2、type3、type4、spend、flag、decription;其中type1至type4分别对应第1层至第4层的物品代码,那么我在设计这些代码与名称的对应关系表的时候感觉无从下手(觉得要好多表,第1层目前分了26项,可以在缩小,控制在20项以内,还有第2、第3层),它们是多对多的关系。我只能想到用配置文件的方式去解决这个问题,请教在数据库设计上有没有什么好方法来解决这个问题?
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INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,101
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,102
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,103
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,601
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,101
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,105
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,501
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 501,106
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 501,121
GOCREATE FUNCTION F_GETROOT(@PID INT)
RETURNS INT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @ID INT
WHILE EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM BOM WHERE ID=@PID)
BEGIN
SET @ID=@PID
SELECT @PID=PID FROM BOM WHERE ID=@ID
END
RETURN @PID
END
GOSELECT PID=DBO.F_GETROOT(PID),ID FROM BOM
GO/*
PID ID
----------- -----------
801 101
801 102
801 103
801 601
801 101
801 105
801 501
801 106
801 121
*/
DROP FUNCTION F_GETROOT
DROP TABLE BOM
GO
--生成测试数据
create table BOM_1(Item int,bom_head varchar(20),bom_child varchar(20),number int,products_attribute varchar(20))
insert into BOM_1 select 1 ,'A' ,'A1',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 2 ,'A' ,'A2',2,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 3 ,'A2','A3',3,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 4 ,'A2','A4',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 5 ,'A3','A5',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 6 ,'A3','A6',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 7 ,'B' ,'B1',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 8 ,'B' ,'B2',2,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 9 ,'B2','B3',3,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 10,'B2','B4',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 11,'B3','B5',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 12,'B3','B6',2,'采购'
go
--创建用户定义函数,用于取每个父节点下子节点的采购配置信息
create function f_stock(@bom_head varchar(20))
returns @t table(bom varchar(20),number int)
as
begin
declare @level int
declare @a table(bom varchar(20),number int,products_attribute varchar(20),[level] int)
set @level=1 if exists(select 1 from BOM_1 where bom_head=@bom_head)
insert into @a
select bom_child,number,products_attribute,@level
from BOM_1
where bom_head=@bom_head
while exists(select 1 from @a where [level]=@level and products_attribute='生产')
begin
set @level=@level+1
insert into @a(bom,number,products_attribute,[level])
select a.bom_child,a.number,a.products_attribute,@level
from BOM_1 a,@a b
where a.bom_head=b.bom and b.[level]=@level-1
end
insert into @t(bom,number) select bom,number from @a where products_attribute='采购'
return
end
go
--执行调用,取父节点'A'一个标准配置分解的采购信息及数量
select * from dbo.f_stock('A')
--生成测试数据
create table BOM(ID INT,PID INT,MSG VARCHAR(1000))
insert into BOM select 1,0,NULL
insert into BOM select 2,1,NULL
insert into BOM select 3,1,NULL
insert into BOM select 4,2,NULL
insert into BOM select 5,3,NULL
insert into BOM select 6,5,NULL
insert into BOM select 7,6,NULL
go--创建用户定义函数用于取每个父节点下子节点的采购配置信息
create function f_getChild(@ID VARCHAR(10))
returns @t table(ID VARCHAR(10),PID VARCHAR(10),Level INT)
as
begin
declare @i int
set @i = 1
insert into @t select ID,PID,@i from BOM where PID = @ID
while @@rowcount<>0
begin
set @i = @i + 1
insert into @t
select
a.ID,a.PID,@i
from
BOM a,@t b
where
a.PID=b.ID and b.Level = @i-1
end
return
end
go--执行查询
select ID from dbo.f_getChild(3)
go--输出结果
/*
ID
----
5
6
7
*/--删除测试数据
drop function f_getChild
drop table BOM创建用户定义函数,每个子节点de父节点的信息
--生成测试数据
create table BOM(ID int,parentID int,sClassName varchar(10))
insert into BOM values(1,0,'1111' )
insert into BOM values(2,1,'1111_1' )
insert into BOM values(3,2,'1111-1-1' )
insert into BOM values(4,3,'1111-1-1-1')
insert into BOM values(5,1,'1111-2' )go--创建用户定义函数,每个子节点de父节点的信息
create function f_getParent(@ID int)
returns varchar(40)
as
begin
declare @ret varchar(40) while exists(select 1 from BOM where ID=@ID and parentID<>0)
begin
select @ID=b.ID,@ret=','+rtrim(b.ID)+isnull(@ret,'')
from
BOM a,BOM b
where
a.ID=@ID and b.ID=a.parentID
end
set @ret=stuff(@ret,1,1,'')
return @ret
end
go--执行查询
select ID,isnull(dbo.f_getParent(ID),'') as parentID from BOM
go--输出结果
/*
ID parentID
----------- ----------------------------------------
1
2 1
3 1,2
4 1,2,3
5 1
*/--删除测试数据
drop function f_getParent
drop table BOM
go
INSERT [tb] SELECT 1,0,N'中国'
UNION ALL SELECT 2,0,N'美国'
UNION ALL SELECT 3,0,N'加拿大'
UNION ALL SELECT 4,1,N'北京'
UNION ALL SELECT 5,1,N'上海'
UNION ALL SELECT 6,1,N'江苏'
UNION ALL SELECT 7,6,N'苏州'
UNION ALL SELECT 8,7,N'常熟'
UNION ALL SELECT 9,6,N'南京'
UNION ALL SELECT 10,6,N'无锡'
UNION ALL SELECT 11,2,N'纽约'
UNION ALL SELECT 12,2,N'旧金山'
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,101
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,102
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,103
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 801,601
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,101
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,105
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 601,501
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 501,106
INSERT INTO BOM SELECT 501,121
GOCREATE FUNCTION F_GETROOT(@PID INT)
RETURNS INT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @ID INT
WHILE EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM BOM WHERE ID=@PID)
BEGIN
SET @ID=@PID
SELECT @PID=PID FROM BOM WHERE ID=@ID
END
RETURN @PID
END
GOSELECT PID=DBO.F_GETROOT(PID),ID FROM BOM
GO/*
PID ID
----------- -----------
801 101
801 102
801 103
801 601
801 101
801 105
801 501
801 106
801 121
*/
DROP FUNCTION F_GETROOT
DROP TABLE BOM
GO
--生成测试数据
create table BOM_1(Item int,bom_head varchar(20),bom_child varchar(20),number int,products_attribute varchar(20))
insert into BOM_1 select 1 ,'A' ,'A1',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 2 ,'A' ,'A2',2,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 3 ,'A2','A3',3,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 4 ,'A2','A4',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 5 ,'A3','A5',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 6 ,'A3','A6',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 7 ,'B' ,'B1',1,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 8 ,'B' ,'B2',2,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 9 ,'B2','B3',3,'生产'
insert into BOM_1 select 10,'B2','B4',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 11,'B3','B5',2,'采购'
insert into BOM_1 select 12,'B3','B6',2,'采购'
go
--创建用户定义函数,用于取每个父节点下子节点的采购配置信息
create function f_stock(@bom_head varchar(20))
returns @t table(bom varchar(20),number int)
as
begin
declare @level int
declare @a table(bom varchar(20),number int,products_attribute varchar(20),[level] int)
set @level=1 if exists(select 1 from BOM_1 where bom_head=@bom_head)
insert into @a
select bom_child,number,products_attribute,@level
from BOM_1
where bom_head=@bom_head
while exists(select 1 from @a where [level]=@level and products_attribute='生产')
begin
set @level=@level+1
insert into @a(bom,number,products_attribute,[level])
select a.bom_child,a.number,a.products_attribute,@level
from BOM_1 a,@a b
where a.bom_head=b.bom and b.[level]=@level-1
end
insert into @t(bom,number) select bom,number from @a where products_attribute='采购'
return
end
go
--执行调用,取父节点'A'一个标准配置分解的采购信息及数量
select * from dbo.f_stock('A')
--生成测试数据
create table BOM(ID INT,PID INT,MSG VARCHAR(1000))
insert into BOM select 1,0,NULL
insert into BOM select 2,1,NULL
insert into BOM select 3,1,NULL
insert into BOM select 4,2,NULL
insert into BOM select 5,3,NULL
insert into BOM select 6,5,NULL
insert into BOM select 7,6,NULL
go--创建用户定义函数用于取每个父节点下子节点的采购配置信息
create function f_getChild(@ID VARCHAR(10))
returns @t table(ID VARCHAR(10),PID VARCHAR(10),Level INT)
as
begin
declare @i int
set @i = 1
insert into @t select ID,PID,@i from BOM where PID = @ID
while @@rowcount<>0
begin
set @i = @i + 1
insert into @t
select
a.ID,a.PID,@i
from
BOM a,@t b
where
a.PID=b.ID and b.Level = @i-1
end
return
end
go--执行查询
select ID from dbo.f_getChild(3)
go--输出结果
/*
ID
----
5
6
7
*/--删除测试数据
drop function f_getChild
drop table BOM
表一:品号信息档
品号 品号属性 材料成本 人工成本 本阶人工
MB001 MB025 MB057 MB058 MB061
A M 2
B M 1
C P 2
D P 3
(MB025=M 时只有本阶人工是基础数据,其他的是计算过来的,MB025=P时只有MB057有基础数据)
表二(BOM)
主件品号 元件品号 用量
A B 2(A由2个B组成) B C 1 (B由1个C和3个D组成)
B D 3 计算原理:
1、计算MB025=M 的人工成本,人工成本=本阶人工+下阶人工成本
2、计算材料成本,材料成本=本阶用到材料+下阶材料之和(如本例 结果:
MB001 MB025 MB057 MB058 MB061
A M 22 4 2
B M 11 1 1
C P 2 0 0
D P 3 0 0 11=(3D+1C)=11
22=11*2
4=2B+2
go
create table BOM(主件品号 nvarchar(2),元件品号 nvarchar(2), 用量 int)
insert BOM select 'A','B',2
insert BOM select 'B','C',1
insert BOM select 'B','D',3
go
create table product(MB001 nvarchar(2), MB025 nvarchar(2), MB057 int, MB058 int, MB061 int)
insert product select 'A','M',null,null, 2
insert product select 'B','M',null,null, 3-----改为3测试
insert product select 'C','P', 2 ,null,null
insert product select 'D','P', 3 ,null,null
gogo
create function BomTree(@Product nvarchar(2))
returns numeric(18,5)
as
begindeclare @T table(主件品号 nvarchar(2),元件品号 nvarchar(2), 用量 int,lev int)
declare @i int,@num numeric(18,5)
if not exists(select 1 from BOM where 主件品号=@Product)
begin
select
@num=sum(MB057)
from
product
where
MB001=@Product
return @num
endset @i=0
insert @T select 主件品号,元件品号,用量,@i from BOM where 主件品号=@Product
while @@rowcount>0
begin
set @i=@i+1
insert @T
select
t2.主件品号,t2.元件品号,t.用量*t2.用量,@i
from @t t join BOM t2 on t.元件品号=t2.主件品号
where t.Lev=@i-1
end
select
@num=sum(t.用量*case when t2.MB057>0 then t2.MB057 else 1 end)
from
@t t
join
product t2 on t.元件品号=t2.MB001
where
not exists(select 1 from @t where t.元件品号=主件品号)return @num
end
gocreate function BomTree2(@Product nvarchar(2))
returns numeric(18,5)
as
begindeclare @T table(主件品号 nvarchar(2),元件品号 nvarchar(2), 用量 int,lev int)
declare @i int,@num numeric(18,5)
if not exists(select 1 from BOM t where 主件品号=@Product
and not exists(select 1 from product where MB001=t.元件品号 and isnull(MB061,0)!>0))
begin
select
@num=sum(isnull(MB061,0))
from
product
where
MB001=@Product
return @num
endset @i=0
insert @T select 主件品号,元件品号,用量,@i from BOM where 主件品号=@Product
while @@rowcount>0
begin
set @i=@i+1
insert @T
select
t2.主件品号,t2.元件品号,t.用量*t2.用量,@i
from @t t join BOM t2 on t.元件品号=t2.主件品号
where t.Lev=@i-1
end
select
@num=sum(t.用量*isnull(t2.MB061,1))
from
@t t
join
product t2 on t.元件品号=t2.MB001------改一下判断where
not exists(select 1 from product where MB001=t.元件品号 and isnull(MB061,0)!>0)
return @num
end
goselect
MB001, MB025 , [MB057]=dbo.BomTree(MB001), [MB058]=isnull([MB061],0)+dbo.BomTree2(MB001), [MB061]=isnull([MB061],0)from
product
go
--drop table product,BOM
--drop function BomTree,BomTree2MB001 MB025 MB057 MB058 MB061
----- ----- -------------------- --------------------- -----------
A M 22.00000 8.00000 2
B M 11.00000 6.00000 3
C P 2.00000 .00000 0
D P 3.00000 .00000 0(所影响的行数为 4 行)
1层:
主类:伙食
2层:
parent--字段对应1层ID
主食、
副食、
零食、
外食
----3层食物:
type--2层ID
http://download.csdn.net/source/319687
TYPE表
typeID、typename,parenttype
如:
1,'伙食',0
2,'主食',1
3,'副食',1
4,'零食',1
5,'外食',2
6,'大米',2
7,'馒头',2
8,'面包',2
9,'面条',2
10,'年糕',2
11,'薯片',4
12,'饼干',4
...
...
tbDayAccount表记录atuoId、typeid、spend、flag、decription...
具体查询方法可参考上面各位高手的贴子。还有一种方法,如果你的层数不多,而且可预计,typecode可设置规则,你可以通过分割字符串来判断所属大类。
TYPE表
typecode(varchar),typename
如:
'01','伙食'
'0101','主食'
'0102','副食'
'0103','零食'
'0104','外食'
'010101','大米'
'010102','馒头'
'010103','面包'
'010104','面条'
'010105','年糕'
'010201','薯片'
'010202','饼干'
...
...
同样,tbDayAccount表要记录typecode。
tbDayAccount表记录消费明细的吧,应该有消费日期