发2道sql面试题.题一
表tset
字段valueA,valueB
A B
B C
C D
D E
问如何得到一个树形结构.
E D C B A题二
表tset
字段Id, name,value
1 name1 2
2 name1 4
3 name2 5
4 name2 6
5 name2 10
6 name3 8
问如何得到结果.
name1,6,name2,21,name3,8
表tset
字段valueA,valueB
A B
B C
C D
D E
问如何得到一个树形结构.
E D C B A题二
表tset
字段Id, name,value
1 name1 2
2 name1 4
3 name2 5
4 name2 6
5 name2 10
6 name3 8
问如何得到结果.
name1,6,name2,21,name3,8
--1、
--> 测试数据:[tset]
if object_id('[tset]') is not null drop table [tset]
create table [tset]([valueA] varchar(1),[valueB] varchar(1))
insert [tset]
select 'A','B' union all
select 'B','C' union all
select 'C','D' union all
select 'D','E';with cte as
(
select valueA from [tset] where valueB='e'
union all
select b.valueA from cte a inner join [tset] b on a.valueA=b.valueB
)
select t.* from cte as t left join [tset] b on t.valueA=b.valueA
/*
valueA
------
D
C
B
A
*/
(
id int identity(1,1) primary key,
name nvarchar(30),
[value] int
)
insert into PP select 'name1',2
insert into PP select 'name1',4
insert into PP select 'name2',5
insert into PP select 'name2',6
insert into PP select 'name2',10
insert into PP select 'name3',8select name,sum([value]) [value] from PP group by name
select * into UU from
(
select name,sum([value]) [value] from PP group by name
) p
select * from UUcreate function dbo.Getstr()
returns nvarchar(1000)
as
begin
declare @sql nvarchar(1000)
set @sql=''
select @sql=@sql+name+','+cast([value] as varchar(10)) from UU
return @sql
endselect dbo.Getstr()
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
name1,6name2,21name3,8(1 行受影响)
(
id int identity(1,1) primary key,
name nvarchar(30),
[value] int
)
insert into PP select 'name1',2
insert into PP select 'name1',4
insert into PP select 'name2',5
insert into PP select 'name2',6
insert into PP select 'name2',10
insert into PP select 'name3',8select name,sum([value]) [value] from PP group by name
select * into UU from
(
select name,sum([value]) [value] from PP group by name
) p
select * from UU
drop function dbo.Getstr
create function dbo.Getstr()
returns nvarchar(1000)
as
begin
declare @sql nvarchar(1000)
set @sql=''
select @sql=@sql+name+','+cast([value] as varchar(20))+',' from UU
return @sql
endselect dbo.Getstr()----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
name1,6,name2,21,name3,8(1 行受影响)
--> 测试数据:[tb]
if object_id('[tb]') is not null drop table [tb]
create table [tb]([Id,] int,[name] varchar(5),[value] int)
insert [tb]
select 1,'name1',2 union all
select 2,'name1',4 union all
select 3,'name2',5 union all
select 4,'name2',6 union all
select 5,'name2',10 union all
select 6,'name3',8declare @s varchar(100)
select @s=isnull(@s+',','')+[name]+','+ltrim([value])
from
(
select [name],sum([value]) as [value] from [tb] group by [name]
) a
select @s
/*
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
name1,6,name2,21,name3,8(1 行受影响)*/
insert into os select 1,0,'体育用品'
insert into os select 2,0,'户外运动'
insert into os select 3,1,'篮球'
insert into os select 4,1,'足球'
insert into os select 5,2,'帐篷'
insert into os select 6,2,'登山鞋'
insert into os select 7,0,'男士用品'
insert into os select 8,7,'刮胡刀'
insert into os select 9,3,'大号篮球'--求个节点下所有子节点:
create function f_cid(@id int)
returns varchar(500)
as
begin
declare @t table(id int,parentid int,desn varchar(10),lev int)
declare @lev int
set @lev=1
insert into @t select *,@lev from os where id=@id
while(@@rowcount>0)
begin
set @lev=@lev+1
insert into @t select a.*,@lev from os a,@t b
where a.parentid=b.id and b.lev=@lev-1
end
declare @cids varchar(500)
select @cids=isnull(@cids+',','')+ltrim(id) from @t order by lev
return @cids
end
go--调用函数
select *,ids=dbo.f_cid(id) from os
--得到每个节点路径:
create proc wsp2
@id int
as
select *,cast(' ' as varchar(10)) fullpath into #os from os
DECLARE @i int,@j int
set @i=0
set @j=1
select @i=max(parentid) from #os
update #os set fullpath=id
while @j<=@i
begin
update #os set fullpath=a.fullpath+','+ltrim(#os.id)
from #os inner join #os a on #os.parentid=a.id
where #os.parentid=@j
set @j=@j+1
end
select * from #os
go
--调用存储过程
exec wsp2 1create table tb(id varchar(3) , pid varchar(3) , name varchar(10))
insert into tb values('001' , null , '广东省')
insert into tb values('002' , '001' , '广州市')
insert into tb values('003' , '001' , '深圳市')
insert into tb values('004' , '002' , '天河区')
insert into tb values('005' , '003' , '罗湖区')
insert into tb values('006' , '003' , '福田区')
insert into tb values('007' , '003' , '宝安区')
insert into tb values('008' , '007' , '西乡镇')
insert into tb values('009' , '007' , '龙华镇')
insert into tb values('010' , '007' , '松岗镇')
go --查询指定节点及其所有子节点的函数
create function f_cid(@ID varchar(3)) returns @t_level table(id varchar(3) , level int)
as
begin
declare @level int
set @level = 1
insert into @t_level select @id , @level
while @@ROWCOUNT > 0
begin
set @level = @level + 1
insert into @t_level select a.id , @level
from tb a , @t_Level b
where a.pid = b.id and b.level = @level - 1
end
return
end
go --调用函数查询001(广东省)及其所有子节点
select a.* from tb a , f_cid('001') b where a.id = b.id order by a.id
/*
id pid name
---- ---- ----------
001 NULL 广东省
002 001 广州市
003 001 深圳市
004 002 天河区
005 003 罗湖区
006 003 福田区
007 003 宝安区
008 007 西乡镇
009 007 龙华镇
010 007 松岗镇 (所影响的行数为 10 行)
*/ --调用函数查询002(广州市)及其所有子节点
select a.* from tb a , f_cid('002') b where a.id = b.id order by a.id
/*
id pid name
---- ---- ----------
002 001 广州市
004 002 天河区 (所影响的行数为 2 行)
*/ --调用函数查询003(深圳市)及其所有子节点
select a.* from tb a , f_cid('003') b where a.id = b.id order by a.id
/*
id pid name
---- ---- ----------
003 001 深圳市
005 003 罗湖区
006 003 福田区
007 003 宝安区
008 007 西乡镇
009 007 龙华镇
010 007 松岗镇 (所影响的行数为 7 行)
*/ drop table tb
drop function f_cid
create table #EnterPrise
(
Department nvarchar(50),--部门名称
ParentDept nvarchar(50),--上级部门
DepartManage nvarchar(30)--部门经理
)
insert into #EnterPrise select '技术部','总经办','Tom'
insert into #EnterPrise select '商务部','总经办','Jeffry'
insert into #EnterPrise select '商务一部','商务部','ViVi'
insert into #EnterPrise select '商务二部','商务部','Peter'
insert into #EnterPrise select '程序组','技术部','GiGi'
insert into #EnterPrise select '设计组','技术部','yoyo'
insert into #EnterPrise select '专项组','程序组','Yue'
insert into #EnterPrise select '总经办','','Boss'
--查询部门经理是Tom的下面的部门名称
;with hgo as
(
select *,0 as rank from #EnterPrise where DepartManage='Tom'
union all
select h.*,h1.rank+1 from #EnterPrise h join hgo h1 on h.ParentDept=h1.Department
)
select * from hgo
/*
Department ParentDept DepartManage rank
--------------- -------------------- ----------------------- -----------
技术部 总经办 Tom 0
程序组 技术部 GiGi 1
设计组 技术部 yoyo 1
专项组 程序组 Yue 2
*/
--查询部门经理是GiGi的上级部门名称
;with hgo as
(
select *,0 as rank from #EnterPrise where DepartManage='GiGi'
union all
select h.*,h1.rank+1 from #EnterPrise h join hgo h1 on h.Department=h1.ParentDept
)
select * from hgo
/*
Department ParentDept DepartManage rank
-------------------- ---------------------- ----------- -----------
程序组 技术部 GiGi 0
技术部 总经办 Tom 1
总经办 Boss 2
*/
SET @strSql='';
WITH A AS
(
SELECT valueA,ValueB FROM dbo.test WHERE valueB='E'
UNION ALL
SELECT T.valueA,T.ValueB FROM dbo.test T JOIN A ON T.valueB = A.valueA
)
SELECT @strsql=ISNULL(@strsql+' ','')+valueA FROM ASELECT @strSql;
SET @strSql='';
WITH A AS
(
SELECT valueA,ValueB FROM dbo.test WHERE valueB='E'
UNION ALL
SELECT T.valueA,T.ValueB FROM dbo.test T JOIN A ON T.valueB = A.valueA
)
……