SQL code问题描述:
无论是在sql 2000,还是在 sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
----- ------
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
------ -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即, group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)1. 旧的解决方法-- 1. 创建处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id-- 2. 新的解决方法
-- 示例数据
DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'-- 查询处理
SELECT *
FROM(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
FROM @t
)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT
[values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N/*--结果
id values
----------- ----------------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
--*/--各种字符串分函数--3.3.1 使用游标法进行字符串合并处理的示例。
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
--定义结果集表变量
DECLARE @t TABLE(col1 varchar(10),col2 varchar(100))--定义游标并进行合并处理
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar(10),@col1 varchar(10),@col2 int,@s varchar(100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s=''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+','+CAST(@col2 as varchar)
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
SELECT @s=','+CAST(@col2 as varchar),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
--显示结果并删除测试数据
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
/*==============================================*/
--3.3.2 使用用户定义函数,配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO/*==============================================*/
--3.3.3 使用临时表实现字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,col2=CAST(col2 as varchar(100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar(10),@col2 varchar(100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2=CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+','+col2 ELSE col2 END,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*--更新处理后的临时表
col1 col2
---------- -------------
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--得到最终结果
SELECT col1,col2=MAX(col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO
/*==============================================*/--3.3.4.1 每组 <=2 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ----------
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
--*/--3.3.4.2 每组 <=3 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=3 THEN ','
+CAST((SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN(MAX(a.col2),MIN(a.col2))) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)>=2 THEN ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ------------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
--*/
GO
if not object_id('A') is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N'张三' union all
select 2,N'李四' union all
select 3,N'王五' union all
select 4,N'蔡六'
Go
--> -->
if not object_id('B') is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N'1,2,3' union all
select 2,N'3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname=replace(@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex('%,'+rtrim(ID)+',%',','+@cname+',')>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from Bid cname
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六(2 個資料列受到影響)
无论是在sql 2000,还是在 sql 2005 中,都没有提供字符串的聚合函数,
所以,当我们在处理下列要求时,会比较麻烦:
有表tb, 如下:
id value
----- ------
1 aa
1 bb
2 aaa
2 bbb
2 ccc
需要得到结果:
id values
------ -----------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
即, group by id, 求 value 的和(字符串相加)1. 旧的解决方法-- 1. 创建处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@id int)
RETURNS varchar(8000)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @r varchar(8000)
SET @r = ''
SELECT @r = @r + ',' + value
FROM tb
WHERE id=@id
RETURN STUFF(@r, 1, 1, '')
END
GO
-- 调用函数SELECt id, values=dbo.f_str(id)
FROM tb
GROUP BY id-- 2. 新的解决方法
-- 示例数据
DECLARE @t TABLE(id int, value varchar(10))
INSERT @t SELECT 1, 'aa'
UNION ALL SELECT 1, 'bb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'aaa'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'bbb'
UNION ALL SELECT 2, 'ccc'-- 查询处理
SELECT *
FROM(
SELECT DISTINCT
id
FROM @t
)A
OUTER APPLY(
SELECT
[values]= STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(
SELECT value FROM @t N
WHERE id = A.id
FOR XML AUTO
), '<N value="', ','), '"/>', ''), 1, 1, '')
)N/*--结果
id values
----------- ----------------
1 aa,bb
2 aaa,bbb,ccc
(2 行受影响)
--*/--各种字符串分函数--3.3.1 使用游标法进行字符串合并处理的示例。
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
--定义结果集表变量
DECLARE @t TABLE(col1 varchar(10),col2 varchar(100))--定义游标并进行合并处理
DECLARE tb CURSOR LOCAL
FOR
SELECT col1,col2 FROM tb ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1_old varchar(10),@col1 varchar(10),@col2 int,@s varchar(100)
OPEN tb
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
SELECT @col1_old=@col1,@s=''
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
IF @col1=@col1_old
SELECT @s=@s+','+CAST(@col2 as varchar)
ELSE
BEGIN
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
SELECT @s=','+CAST(@col2 as varchar),@col1_old=@col1
END
FETCH tb INTO @col1,@col2
END
INSERT @t VALUES(@col1_old,STUFF(@s,1,1,''))
CLOSE tb
DEALLOCATE tb
--显示结果并删除测试数据
SELECT * FROM @t
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO
/*==============================================*/
--3.3.2 使用用户定义函数,配合SELECT处理完成字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
GO--合并处理函数
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.f_str(@col1 varchar(10))
RETURNS varchar(100)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @re varchar(100)
SET @re=''
SELECT @re=@re+','+CAST(col2 as varchar)
FROM tb
WHERE col1=@col1
RETURN(STUFF(@re,1,1,''))
END
GO--调用函数
SELECT col1,col2=dbo.f_str(col1) FROM tb GROUP BY col1
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb
DROP FUNCTION f_str
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
GO/*==============================================*/
--3.3.3 使用临时表实现字符串合并处理的示例
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,col2=CAST(col2 as varchar(100))
INTO #t FROM tb
ORDER BY col1,col2
DECLARE @col1 varchar(10),@col2 varchar(100)
UPDATE #t SET
@col2=CASE WHEN @col1=col1 THEN @col2+','+col2 ELSE col2 END,
@col1=col1,
col2=@col2
SELECT * FROM #t
/*--更新处理后的临时表
col1 col2
---------- -------------
a 1
a 1,2
b 1
b 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--得到最终结果
SELECT col1,col2=MAX(col2) FROM #t GROUP BY col1
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- -----------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
--*/
--删除测试
DROP TABLE tb,#t
GO
/*==============================================*/--3.3.4.1 每组 <=2 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=1 THEN ''
ELSE ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
END
FROM tb
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ----------
a 1,2
b 1,2
c 3
--*/--3.3.4.2 每组 <=3 条记录的合并
--处理的数据
CREATE TABLE tb(col1 varchar(10),col2 int)
INSERT tb SELECT 'a',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'a',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',1
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',2
UNION ALL SELECT 'b',3
UNION ALL SELECT 'c',3--合并处理
SELECT col1,
col2=CAST(MIN(col2) as varchar)
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)=3 THEN ','
+CAST((SELECT col2 FROM tb WHERE col1=a.col1 AND col2 NOT IN(MAX(a.col2),MIN(a.col2))) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
+CASE
WHEN COUNT(*)>=2 THEN ','+CAST(MAX(col2) as varchar)
ELSE ''
END
FROM tb a
GROUP BY col1
DROP TABLE tb
/*--结果
col1 col2
---------- ------------
a 1,2
b 1,2,3
c 3
--*/
GO
if not object_id('A') is null
drop table A
Go
Create table A([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(2))
Insert A
select 1,N'张三' union all
select 2,N'李四' union all
select 3,N'王五' union all
select 4,N'蔡六'
Go
--> -->
if not object_id('B') is null
drop table B
Go
Create table B([id] int,[cname] nvarchar(5))
Insert B
select 1,N'1,2,3' union all
select 2,N'3,4'
Go
create function F_str(@cname nvarchar(100))
returns nvarchar(100)
as
begin
select @cname=replace(@cname,ID,[cname]) from A where patindex('%,'+rtrim(ID)+',%',','+@cname+',')>0
return @cname
end
go
select [id],dbo.F_str([cname])[cname] from Bid cname
----------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 张三,李四,王五
2 王五,蔡六(2 個資料列受到影響)
SELECT MAX(COL1),MAX(COL2),MAX(COL3),MAX(COL4),MAX(COL5),MAX(COL6) FROM TB
001 test1 null picture1 null 1
001 test2 null picture2 picture3 2
001 test3 picture4 null picture5 3
001 test4 null null null 4
001 test5 picture6 null picture7 5
002 tagn1 null picture1 null 1
002 tagn2 picture2 null picture3 2
002 tagn3 picture4 null picture5 3
002 tagn4 picture6 null null 4
002 tagn5 null null null 5 col3,col4,col5三列数据类型为image,其他的列为nvarchar
按上面的记录,我得到的记录应该是:
001 test5 picture6 picture2 picture7 5
002 tagn5 picture6 picture1 picture5 4
col1相同的去一条综合的,不知道现在是否明白了?
001 test5 picture6 picture2 picture7 5
002 tagn5 picture6 picture1 picture5 4 而不是
001 test5 picture6 picture2 picture7 5
002 tagn5 picture6 picture1 picture5 5
你不是col6找最大的id嗎
go
create table [tb]([col1] varchar(3),[col2] varchar(8),[col3] varchar(8),[col4] varchar(8),[col5] varchar(8),[col6] int)
insert [tb]
select '001','test1',null,'picture1',null,1 union all
select '001','test2',null,'picture2','picture3',2 union all
select '001','test3','picture4',null,'picture5',3 union all
select '001','test4',null,null,null,4 union all
select '001','test5','picture6',null,'picture7',5 union all
select '002','tagn1',null,'picture1',null,1 union all
select '002','tagn2','picture2',null,'picture3',2 union all
select '002','tagn3','picture4',null,'picture5',3 union all
select '002','tagn4','picture6',null,null,4 union all
select '002','tagn5',null,null,null,5
go
--select * from [tb]select col1
,col2=(select top 1 col2 from tb where col1=t.col1 order by col6 desc)
,col3=(select top 1 col3 from tb where col1=t.col1 and col3 is not null order by col6 desc)
,col4=(select top 1 col4 from tb where col1=t.col1 and col4 is not null order by col6 desc)
,col5=(select top 1 col5 from tb where col1=t.col1 and col5 is not null order by col6 desc)
,col6=(select max(col6) from tb where col1=t.col1 and coalesce(col3,col4,col5) is not null)
from tb t
group by col1
/*
col1 col2 col3 col4 col5 col6
---- ----- -------- -------- -------- -----------
001 test5 picture6 picture2 picture7 5
002 tagn5 picture6 picture1 picture5 4(2 行受影响)
*/
if object_id('[tb]') is not null drop table [tb]
go
create table [tb]([col1] varchar(3),[col2] varchar(8),[col3] varchar(8),[col4] varchar(8),[col5] varchar(8),[col6] int)
insert [tb]
select '001','test1',null,'picture1',null,1 union all
select '001','test2',null,'picture2','picture3',2 union all
select '001','test3','picture4',null,'picture5',3 union all
select '001','test4',null,null,null,4 union all
select '001','test5','picture6',null,'picture7',5 union all
select '002','tagn1',null,'picture1',null,1 union all
select '002','tagn2','picture2',null,'picture3',2 union all
select '002','tagn3','picture4',null,'picture5',3 union all
select '002','tagn4','picture6',null,null,4 union all
select '002','tagn5',null,null,null,5
go
--select * from [tb]select a.col1,a.col2
,isnull(a.col3,ISNULL(b.col3,isnull(c.col3,isnull(d.col3,isnull(e.col3,f.col3))))) col3
,isnull(a.col4,ISNULL(b.col4,isnull(c.col4,isnull(d.col4,isnull(e.col4,f.col4))))) col4
,isnull(a.col5,ISNULL(b.col5,isnull(c.col5,isnull(d.col5,isnull(e.col5,f.col5))))) col5
,(select top 1 col6 from tb z where a.col1=z.col1 and (z.col3 is not null or z.col4 is not null or z.col5 is not null ) order by col6 desc )
from (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=5) a
left outer join (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=4) b on a.col1=b.col1
left outer join (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=3) c on a.col1=c.col1
left outer join (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=2) d on a.col1=d.col1
left outer join (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=1) e on a.col1=e.col1
left outer join (select col1,col2,col3,col4,col5 from tb t where col6=1) f on a.col1=f.col1
累死我了