-- 创建分区函数
create partition function PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(datetime)
as
range right for values (
'1997-01-01',
'1998-01-01',
'1999-01-01'
)
go-- 创建分区方案
create partition scheme PS_Orders
as
partition PF_Orders_OrderDateRange
to ([primary], [primary], [primary], [primary])
go
-- 创建分区表
create table dbo.Orders
(
OrderID int not null
,CustomerID varchar(10) not null
,EmployeeID int not null
,OrderDate datetime not null
)
on PS_Orders(OrderDate)
go-- 创建聚集分区索引
create clustered index IXC_Orders_OrderDate on dbo.Orders(OrderDate)
go-- 为分区表设置主键
alter table dbo.Orders add constraint PK_Orders
primary key (OrderID, CustomerID, OrderDate)
go-- 导入数据到分区表
insert into dbo.Orders
select OrderID, CustomerID, EmployeeID, OrderDate
from dbo.Orders_From_SQL2000_Northwind --(注:数据来源于 SQL Server 2000 示例数据库)
go-- 查看分区表每个分区的数据分布情况
select partition = $partition.PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(OrderDate)
,rows = count(*)
,minval = min(OrderDate)
,maxval = max(OrderDate)
from dbo.Orders
group by $partition.PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(OrderDate)
order by partition
go
create partition function PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(datetime)
as
range right for values (
'1997-01-01',
'1998-01-01',
'1999-01-01'
)
go-- 创建分区方案
create partition scheme PS_Orders
as
partition PF_Orders_OrderDateRange
to ([primary], [primary], [primary], [primary])
go
-- 创建分区表
create table dbo.Orders
(
OrderID int not null
,CustomerID varchar(10) not null
,EmployeeID int not null
,OrderDate datetime not null
)
on PS_Orders(OrderDate)
go-- 创建聚集分区索引
create clustered index IXC_Orders_OrderDate on dbo.Orders(OrderDate)
go-- 为分区表设置主键
alter table dbo.Orders add constraint PK_Orders
primary key (OrderID, CustomerID, OrderDate)
go-- 导入数据到分区表
insert into dbo.Orders
select OrderID, CustomerID, EmployeeID, OrderDate
from dbo.Orders_From_SQL2000_Northwind --(注:数据来源于 SQL Server 2000 示例数据库)
go-- 查看分区表每个分区的数据分布情况
select partition = $partition.PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(OrderDate)
,rows = count(*)
,minval = min(OrderDate)
,maxval = max(OrderDate)
from dbo.Orders
group by $partition.PF_Orders_OrderDateRange(OrderDate)
order by partition
go
定义,原理网上讲得多了.在这就不费口舌,记录下创建过程.
一. 最基本,最重要的一步就是创建分区函数.创建分区函数首先要确定分区键--既按照哪字段来进行分区.在这个例子里,我用记录的时间来作为分区键,由于数据量的问题,最终决定每个月的数据放一个单独的分区. CREATE PARTITION FUNCTION FiveYearDateRangePFN(datetime)
AS
RANGE LEFT FOR VALUES (
'20060930 23:59:59.997', -- 2006 年 9 月
'20061031 23:59:59.997', -- 2006 年 10 月
'20061130 23:59:59.997', -- 2006 年 11 月
'20061231 23:59:59.997', -- 2006 年 12 月 '20070131 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 1 月
'20070228 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 2 月
'20070331 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 3 月
'20070430 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 4 月
'20070531 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 5 月
'20070630 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 6 月
'20070731 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 7 月
'20070831 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 8 月
'20070930 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 9 月
'20071031 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 10 月
'20071130 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 11 月
'20071231 23:59:59.997', -- 2007 年 12 月
.......
}
GO
二. 上一步是完成一个概念上的分区,接下来要完成一个物理的构建,使得属于不同分区的数据存储到不同的物理文件上去.
a.创建文件组 --File group for 2006
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200609]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200610]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200611]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200612]
--File group for 2007
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200701]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200702]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200703]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200704]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200705]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200706]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200707]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200708]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200709]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200710]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200711]
ALTER DATABASE MyDB ADD FILEGROUP [Teaching200712]
...... b.创建物理文件,在这里,为了方便起见,我把每个物理文件放到了一个单独的文件组里面. --Add file for 2006
ALTER DATABASE MyLuDB
ADD FILE
(NAME = N'Teaching200609',FILENAME = N'D:\MyData\MyLu\Teaching200609.ndf',SIZE = 5MB,MAXSIZE = 100MB,FILEGROWTH = 5MB)
TO FILEGROUP [Teaching200609] ALTER DATABASE MyLuDB
ADD FILE
(NAME = N'Teaching200610',FILENAME = N'D:\MyData\MyLu\Teaching200610.ndf',SIZE = 5MB,MAXSIZE = 100MB,FILEGROWTH = 5MB)
TO FILEGROUP [Teaching200610] ALTER DATABASE MyLuDB
ADD FILE
(NAME = N'Teaching200611',FILENAME = N'D:\MyData\MyLu\Teaching200611.ndf',SIZE = 5MB,MAXSIZE = 100MB,FILEGROWTH = 5MB)
TO FILEGROUP [Teaching200611]
......
三. 创建完分区函数,接下来就要建立分区架构,用来将概念上的分区和文件组(物理文件)关联起来. CREATE PARTITION SCHEME [FiveYearDateRangePScheme]
AS
PARTITION FiveYearDateRangePFN TO
( [Teaching200609],[Teaching200610],[Teaching200611],[Teaching200612], [Teaching200701],[Teaching200702],[Teaching200703],[Teaching200704],
[Teaching200705],[Teaching200706],[Teaching200707],[Teaching200708],
[Teaching200709],[Teaching200710],[Teaching200711],[Teaching200712],
......
[PRIMARY] )
GO 四. 分区表的基础架构到此就完成了,接下来就要建立分区表了. CREATE TABLE [dbo].[ObjTeaching](
[TeachingID] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL,
[TeacherID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[TeacherName] [nvarchar](10) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
[ClassID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[ClassName] [nvarchar](20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
[CourseID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[CourseName] [nvarchar](20) COLLATE Chinese_PRC_CI_AS NULL,
[CourseSequenceID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[TeachingDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[IsUsingEqt] [bit] NULL,
[ScoreID] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
......
) ON FiveYearDateRangePScheme(TeachingDate) ALTER TABLE [ObjTeaching]
ADD CONSTRAINT [ObjTeaching_PK]
PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([TeachingID], [TeachingDate])
GO 在建立分区表的时候注意一下分区键的选择就OK了
接下来呢,就可以往分区表里面插入数据,SQL SERVER会根据分区键的不同将数据放到相应的分区,我们可以通过如下语句来查看数据存在那个分区中: select $partition.FiveYearDateRangePFN(teachingdate),teachingdate,*
from objteaching a
order by a.teachingdate asc 总得说来,SQL SERVER 2005的分区表有了一个非常大的进步,使用起来也比较简单(除了频繁的Copy/Paste脚本,然后在一行行改@_@).至于性能方面,还没时间详细测试,留在以后有空了再说!:)