下面是一些常用例子，能解决类似问题
A. Use a simple procedure with a complex SELECT
This stored procedure returns all authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure does not use any parameters.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info_all' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info_all
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info_all
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
GOThe au_info_all stored procedure can be executed in these ways:EXECUTE au_info_all
-- Or
EXEC au_info_allOr, if this procedure is the first statement within the batch:au_info_allB. Use a simple procedure with parameters
This stored procedure returns only the specified authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure accepts exact matches for the parameters passed.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info
@lastname varchar(40),
@firstname varchar(20)
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
WHERE au_fname = @firstname
AND au_lname = @lastname
GOThe au_info stored procedure can be executed in these ways:EXECUTE au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'
-- Or
EXEC au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
EXEC au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
EXEC au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'Or, if this procedure is the first statement within the batch:au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'C. Use a simple procedure with wildcard parameters
This stored procedure returns only the specified authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure pattern matches the parameters passed or, if not supplied, uses the preset defaults.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info2' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info2
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info2
@lastname varchar(30) = 'D%',
@firstname varchar(18) = '%'
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
WHERE au_fname LIKE @firstname
AND au_lname LIKE @lastname
GOThe au_info2 stored procedure can be executed in many combinations. Only a few combinations are shown here:EXECUTE au_info2
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'Wh%'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 @firstname = 'A%'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 '[CK]ars[OE]n'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'Hunter', 'Sheryl'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'H%', 'S%'
A. Use a simple procedure with a complex SELECT
This stored procedure returns all authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure does not use any parameters.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info_all' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info_all
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info_all
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
GOThe au_info_all stored procedure can be executed in these ways:EXECUTE au_info_all
-- Or
EXEC au_info_allOr, if this procedure is the first statement within the batch:au_info_allB. Use a simple procedure with parameters
This stored procedure returns only the specified authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure accepts exact matches for the parameters passed.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info
@lastname varchar(40),
@firstname varchar(20)
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
WHERE au_fname = @firstname
AND au_lname = @lastname
GOThe au_info stored procedure can be executed in these ways:EXECUTE au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'
-- Or
EXEC au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
EXEC au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
EXEC au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'Or, if this procedure is the first statement within the batch:au_info 'Dull', 'Ann'
-- Or
au_info @lastname = 'Dull', @firstname = 'Ann'
-- Or
au_info @firstname = 'Ann', @lastname = 'Dull'C. Use a simple procedure with wildcard parameters
This stored procedure returns only the specified authors (first and last names supplied), their titles, and their publishers from a four-table join. This stored procedure pattern matches the parameters passed or, if not supplied, uses the preset defaults.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'au_info2' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE au_info2
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE au_info2
@lastname varchar(30) = 'D%',
@firstname varchar(18) = '%'
AS
SELECT au_lname, au_fname, title, pub_name
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON t.title_id = ta.title_id INNER JOIN publishers p
ON t.pub_id = p.pub_id
WHERE au_fname LIKE @firstname
AND au_lname LIKE @lastname
GOThe au_info2 stored procedure can be executed in many combinations. Only a few combinations are shown here:EXECUTE au_info2
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'Wh%'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 @firstname = 'A%'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 '[CK]ars[OE]n'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'Hunter', 'Sheryl'
-- Or
EXECUTE au_info2 'H%', 'S%'
OUTPUT parameters allow an external procedure, a batch, or more than one Transact-SQL statements to access a value set during the procedure execution. In this example, a stored procedure (titles_sum) is created and allows one optional input parameter and one output parameter.First, create the procedure:USE pubs
GO
IF EXISTS(SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'titles_sum' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE titles_sum
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE titles_sum @@TITLE varchar(40) = '%', @@SUM money OUTPUT
AS
SELECT 'Title Name' = title
FROM titles
WHERE title LIKE @@TITLE
SELECT @@SUM = SUM(price)
FROM titles
WHERE title LIKE @@TITLE
GONext, use the OUTPUT parameter with control-of-flow language. Note The OUTPUT variable must be defined during the table creation as well as during use of the variable.
The parameter name and variable name do not have to match; however, the data type and parameter positioning must match (unless @@SUM = variable is used). DECLARE @@TOTALCOST money
EXECUTE titles_sum 'The%', @@TOTALCOST OUTPUT
IF @@TOTALCOST < 200
BEGIN
PRINT ' '
PRINT 'All of these titles can be purchased for less than $200.'
END
ELSE
SELECT 'The total cost of these titles is $'
+ RTRIM(CAST(@@TOTALCOST AS varchar(20)))Here is the result set:Title Name
------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Busy Executive's Database Guide
The Gourmet Microwave
The Psychology of Computer Cooking(3 row(s) affected)Warning, null value eliminated from aggregate.
All of these titles can be purchased for less than $200.E. Use an OUTPUT cursor parameter
OUTPUT cursor parameters are used to pass a cursor that is local to a stored procedure back to the calling batch, stored procedure, or trigger.First, create the procedure that declares and then opens a cursor on the titles table:USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'titles_cursor' and type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE titles_cursor
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE titles_cursor @titles_cursor CURSOR VARYING OUTPUT
AS
SET @titles_cursor = CURSOR
FORWARD_ONLY STATIC FOR
SELECT *
FROM titlesOPEN @titles_cursor
GONext, execute a batch that declares a local cursor variable, executes the procedure to assign the cursor to the local variable, and then fetches the rows from the cursor.USE pubs
GO
DECLARE @MyCursor CURSOR
EXEC titles_cursor @titles_cursor = @MyCursor OUTPUT
WHILE (@@FETCH_STATUS = 0)
BEGIN
FETCH NEXT FROM @MyCursor
END
CLOSE @MyCursor
DEALLOCATE @MyCursor
GOF. Use the WITH RECOMPILE option
The WITH RECOMPILE clause is helpful when the parameters supplied to the procedure will not be typical, and when a new execution plan should not be cached or stored in memory.USE pubs
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'titles_by_author' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE titles_by_author
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE titles_by_author @@LNAME_PATTERN varchar(30) = '%'
WITH RECOMPILE
AS
SELECT RTRIM(au_fname) + ' ' + RTRIM(au_lname) AS 'Authors full name',
title AS Title
FROM authors a INNER JOIN titleauthor ta
ON a.au_id = ta.au_id INNER JOIN titles t
ON ta.title_id = t.title_id
WHERE au_lname LIKE @@LNAME_PATTERN
GOG. Use the WITH ENCRYPTION option
The WITH ENCRYPTION clause hides the text of a stored procedure from users. This example creates an encrypted procedure, uses the sp_helptext system stored procedure to get information on that encrypted procedure, and then attempts to get information on that procedure directly from the syscomments table.IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'encrypt_this' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE encrypt_this
GO
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE encrypt_this
WITH ENCRYPTION
AS
SELECT *
FROM authors
GOEXEC sp_helptext encrypt_thisHere is the result set:The object's comments have been encrypted.Next, select the identification number and text of the encrypted stored procedure contents.SELECT c.id, c.text
FROM syscomments c INNER JOIN sysobjects o
ON c.id = o.id
WHERE o.name = 'encrypt_this'Here is the result set:Note The text column output is shown on a separate line. When executed, this information appears on the same line as the id column information.
id text
---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
1413580074 ?????????????????????????????????e??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(1 row(s) affected)H. Create a user-defined system stored procedure
This example creates a procedure to display all the tables and their corresponding indexes with a table name beginning with the string emp. If not specified, this procedure returns all tables (and indexes) with a table name beginning with sys.IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'sp_showindexes' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE sp_showindexes
GO
USE master
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_showindexes
@@TABLE varchar(30) = 'sys%'
AS
SELECT o.name AS TABLE_NAME,
i.name AS INDEX_NAME,
indid AS INDEX_ID
FROM sysindexes i INNER JOIN sysobjects o
ON o.id = i.id
WHERE o.name LIKE @@TABLE
GO
USE pubs
EXEC sp_showindexes 'emp%'
GOHere is the result set:TABLE_NAME INDEX_NAME INDEX_ID
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
employee employee_ind 1
employee PK_emp_id 2(2 row(s) affected)I. Use deferred name resolution
This example shows four procedures and the various ways that deferred name resolution can be used. Each stored procedure is created, although the table or column referenced does not exist at compile time.IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'proc1' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE proc1
GO
-- Creating a procedure on a nonexistent table.
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE proc1
AS
SELECT *
FROM does_not_exist
GO
-- Here is the statement to actually see the text of the procedure.
SELECT o.id, c.text
FROM sysobjects o INNER JOIN syscomments c
ON o.id = c.id
WHERE o.type = 'P' AND o.name = 'proc1'
GO
USE master
GO
IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sysobjects
WHERE name = 'proc2' AND type = 'P')
DROP PROCEDURE proc2
GO
-- Creating a procedure that attempts to retrieve information from a
-- nonexistent column in an existing table.
USE pubs
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE proc2
AS
DECLARE @middle_init char(1)
SET @middle_init = NULL
SELECT au_id, middle_initial = @middle_init
FROM authors
GO
-- Here is the statement to actually see the text of the procedure.
SELECT o.id, c.text
FROM sysobjects o INNER JOIN syscomments c
ON o.id = c.id
WHERE o.type = 'P' and o.name = 'proc2'
CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE PROCEDURE