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/*------------------------------------------------------------------
--  Author : htl258(Tony)
--  Date   : 2010-04-12 10:13:00
--  Version: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 (RTM) - 10.0.1600.22 (Intel X86)
Jul  9 2008 14:43:34
Copyright (c) 1988-2008 Microsoft Corporation
Developer Edition on Windows NT 5.1 <X86> (Build 2600: Service Pack 3)------------------------------------------------------------------*/
--> 生成测试数据表:tbIF OBJECT_ID('[tb]') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE [tb]
GO
CREATE TABLE [tb]([colname] NVARCHAR(10),[val] INT)
INSERT [tb]
SELECT N'字段A',1 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段B',2 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段A',3 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段B',4
GO
--SELECT * FROM [tb]-->SQL查询如下:select 字段A,字段B
from (
select rn=row_number()over(partition by [colname] order by val),*
from tb
)a
pivot(max(val) for [colname] in(字段A,字段B)) b
/*
字段A         字段B
----------- -----------
1           2
3           4(2 行受影响)
*/

90度旋转参考！
/*
将表数据旋转90度(2007-11-19于海南三亚)将下表数据：
A                    b           c           d           e
-------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
x                    1           2           3           4
y                    5           6           7           8
z                    9           10          11          12转化成如下结果：
a                    x          y          z
-------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------
b                    1          5          9
c                    2          6          10
d                    3          7          11
e                    4          8          12*/--生成测试数据
create table test1(A varchar(20),b int,c int,d int,e int)
insert into test1 select 'x',1,2 ,3 ,4
insert into test1 select 'y',5,6 ,7 ,8
insert into test1 select 'z',9,10,11,12
go--生成中间数据表
declare @s varchar(8000)
set @s = 'create table test2(a varchar(20)'
select @s = @s + ',' + A + ' varchar(10)' from test1
set @s = @s + ')'
exec(@s)
print @s
--借助中间表实现行列转换
declare @name varchar(20)declare t_cursor cursor for
select name from syscolumns
where id=object_id('test1') and colid > 1 order by colidopen t_cursorfetch next from t_cursor into @namewhile @@fetch_status = 0
begin
    exec('select ' + @name + ' as t into test3 from test1')
    set @s='insert into test2 select ''' + @name + ''''
    select @s = @s + ',''' + rtrim(t) + '''' from test3
    exec(@s)
    exec('drop table test3')
    fetch next from t_cursor into @name
end
close t_cursor
deallocate t_cursor--查看行列互换处理结果
select * from test1
select * from test2--删除表
drop table test1
drop table test2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*固定的写法:*/
select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from
(select a = 'b' , x = b from test1 where a = 'x') t1,
(select a = 'b' , y = b from test1 where a = 'y') t2,
(select a = 'b' , z = b from test1 where a = 'z') t3
where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a
union all
select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from
(select a = 'c' , x = c from test1 where a = 'x') t1,
(select a = 'c' , y = c from test1 where a = 'y') t2,
(select a = 'c' , z = c from test1 where a = 'z') t3
where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a
union all
select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from
(select a = 'd' , x = d from test1 where a = 'x') t1,
(select a = 'd' , y = d from test1 where a = 'y') t2,
(select a = 'd' , z = d from test1 where a = 'z') t3
where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a
union all
select t1.* , t2.y , t3.z from
(select a = 'e' , x = e from test1 where a = 'x') t1,
(select a = 'e' , y = e from test1 where a = 'y') t2,
(select a = 'e' , z = e from test1 where a = 'z') t3
where t1.a = t2.a and t1.a = t2.a----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
表tb,数据如下:
项目种类  业绩  提成
洗吹类　　200   10
外卖      100   5
合计      300   15
转换成:
项目种类  洗吹类  外卖  合计
业绩      200     100   300
提成      10      5     15
*/create table tb
(
  项目种类 varchar(10),
  业绩     int,
  提成     int
)insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('洗吹类',200,10)
insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('外卖'  ,100,5)
insert into tb(项目种类,业绩,提成) values('合计'  ,300,15)
goselect 项目种类,sum(洗吹类) as 洗吹类 , sum(外卖) as 外卖 , sum(合计) as 合计 from
(
  select 项目种类 = '业绩',
         洗吹类   = case when 项目种类 = '洗吹类' then 业绩 else 0 end,
         外卖     = case when 项目种类 = '外卖'   then 业绩 else 0 end,
         合计     = case when 项目种类 = '合计'   then 业绩 else 0 end
  from tb
union all
  select 项目种类 = '提成' ,
         洗吹类   = case when 项目种类 = '洗吹类' then 提成 else 0 end,
         外卖     = case when 项目种类 = '外卖'   then 提成 else 0 end,
         合计     = case when 项目种类 = '合计'   then 提成 else 0 end
  from tb
) m
group by 项目种类
order by 项目种类 descdrop table tb/*
项目种类洗吹类      外卖        合计
-------- ----------- ----------- -----------
业绩     200         100         300
提成     10          5           15（所影响的行数为 2 行）
*/--------------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
数据库中tb表格如下

月份    工资   福利  奖金
1月     100    200   300
2月     110    210   310
3月     120    220   320
4月     130    230   330我想得到的结果是项目   1月    2月  3月  4月
工资   100    110  120  130
福利   200    210  220  230
奖金   300    310  320  330就是说完全把表格的行列颠倒，有点像那种旋转矩阵，请问如何用sql 语句实现？
*/if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects
where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_zj]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_zj]
GO
/*--行列互换的通用存储过程(原著:邹建):将指定的表,按指定的字段进行行列互换*/create proc p_zj
       @tbname sysname, --要处理的表名
       @fdname sysname, --做为转换的列名
       @new_fdname sysname='' --为转换后的列指定列名
as
declare @s1 varchar(8000) , @s2 varchar(8000),
        @s3 varchar(8000) , @s4 varchar(8000),
        @s5 varchar(8000) , @i varchar(10)
select @s1 = '' , @s2 = '' , @s3 = '' , @s4 = '' , @s5 = '' , @i = '0'
select @s1 = @s1 + ',@' + @i + ' varchar(8000)',
       @s2 = @s2 + ',@' + @i + '=''' + case isnull(@new_fdname , '') when '' then ''
       else @new_fdname + '=' end + '''''' + name + '''''''',
       @s3 = @s3 + 'select @' + @i + '=@' + @i + '+'',['' + [' + @fdname +
       ']+'']=''+cast([' + name + '] as varchar) from [' + @tbname + ']',
       @s4 = @s4 + ',@' + @i + '=''select ''+@' + @i,
       @s5 = @s5 + '+'' union all ''+@' + @i,
       @i=cast(@i as int)+1
from syscolumns
where object_id(@tbname)=id and name<>@fdnameselect @s1=substring(@s1,2,8000),
       @s2=substring(@s2,2,8000),
       @s4=substring(@s4,2,8000),
       @s5=substring(@s5,16,8000)
exec('declare ' + @s1 + 'select ' + @s2 + @s3 + 'select ' + @s4 + '
exec(' + @s5 + ')')
go--用上面的存储过程测试：create table Test(月份 varchar(4), 工资 int, 福利 int, 奖金 int)
insert Test
select '1月',100,200,300 union all
select '2月',110,210,310 union all
select '3月',120,220,320 union all
select '4月',130,230,330
goexec p_zj 'Test', '月份' , '项目'drop table Test
drop proc p_zj/*
项目   1月         2月         3月         4月
---- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
福利   200         210         220         230
工资   100         110         120         130
奖金   300         310         320         330（所影响的行数为 3 行）
*//*
静态写法(SQL2005)
*/
--测试环境
create table Test(月份 varchar(4), 工资 int, 福利 int, 奖金 int)
insert Test
select '1月',100,200,300 union all
select '2月',110,210,310 union all
select '3月',120,220,320 union all
select '4月',130,230,330
go
--测试语句
SELECT * FROM
(
  SELECT 考核月份,月份,金额 FROM
     (SELECT 月份, 工资, 福利, 奖金 FROM Test) p
  UNPIVOT
     (金额 FOR 考核月份 IN (工资, 福利, 奖金))AS unpvt
) T
PIVOT
(MAX(金额)  FOR 月份 in ([1月],[2月],[3月],[4月]))AS pt--测试结果/*
考核月份  1月     2月      3月     4月
-------  -----  -----   ------  -------
福利200210220230
工资100110120130
奖金300310320330
*/--删除环境
Drop table Test

----------------------------------------------------------------
-- Author  :fredrickhu(小F，向高手学习)
-- Date    :2010-04-12 10:39:29
-- Verstion:
--      Microsoft SQL Server 2005 - 9.00.4053.00 (Intel X86)
-- May 26 2009 14:24:20
-- Copyright (c) 1988-2005 Microsoft Corporation
-- Developer Edition on Windows NT 5.1 (Build 2600: Service Pack 3)
--
----------------------------------------------------------------
--> 测试数据：[tb]
if object_id('[tb]') is not null drop table [tb]
go
create table [tb]([colname] varchar(5),[val] int)
insert [tb]
select '字段A',1 union all
select '字段B',2 union all
select '字段A',3 union all
select '字段B',4
--------------开始查询--------------------------
select
字段a,字段b
from
(
select
id,
max(case colname when '字段A' then val else '' end) as '字段a',
max(case colname when '字段B' then val else '' end) as '字段b'
from
(select id=row_number()over(partition by colname order by val),* from tb)t
group by
id
)t
----------------结果----------------------------
/* 字段a         字段b
----------- -----------
1           2
3           4(2 行受影响)
*/

CREATE TABLE [tb]([colname] NVARCHAR(10),[val] INT)
INSERT [tb]
SELECT N'字段A',1 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段B',2 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段A',3 UNION ALL
SELECT N'字段B',4select m.val '字段A' , n.val '字段B' from
(select t.* , px = (select count(1) from tb where colname = t.colname and val < t.val) + 1 from tb t) m
full join
(select t.* , px = (select count(1) from tb where colname = t.colname and val < t.val) + 1 from tb t) n
on m.px = n.px where m.colname = '字段A' and n.colname = '字段B'drop table tb/*
字段A         字段B
----------- -----------
1           2
3           4（所影响的行数为 2 行）
*/

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