1：进入控制面板的‘管理工具’选项
选择下面的‘服务’选项
有一系列的以ORACLE开头的服务名
双击其中的任一选项
在弹出的面板中看‘启动类型’
将其值由‘自动’全改为‘已禁用’
重新启动系统
（上面的操作是为了将未成功启动的服务关闭，因为此时一般其“状态”为“已启动”，但“停止”按钮状态为DISABLE而用的）
2：重新启动系统之后，将‘启动类型’值由‘已禁用’全改为‘自动’
然后将其服务的状态选择“启动”就可以了
3：如果尚无法启动
则重复第一个步骤后，然后将‘启动类型’值由‘已禁用’全改为‘自动’
然后再重新启动操作系统就可以了
4：我以前也曾经出现过这种情况，主要是因为改变了操作系统的某些设置，从而导致ORACLE运行不正常，反复执行上述步骤几次就可以了
注意最好将一些不相关的服务先关闭
选择下面的‘服务’选项
有一系列的以ORACLE开头的服务名
双击其中的任一选项
在弹出的面板中看‘启动类型’
将其值由‘自动’全改为‘已禁用’
重新启动系统
（上面的操作是为了将未成功启动的服务关闭，因为此时一般其“状态”为“已启动”，但“停止”按钮状态为DISABLE而用的）
2：重新启动系统之后，将‘启动类型’值由‘已禁用’全改为‘自动’
然后将其服务的状态选择“启动”就可以了
3：如果尚无法启动
则重复第一个步骤后，然后将‘启动类型’值由‘已禁用’全改为‘自动’
然后再重新启动操作系统就可以了
4：我以前也曾经出现过这种情况，主要是因为改变了操作系统的某些设置，从而导致ORACLE运行不正常，反复执行上述步骤几次就可以了
注意最好将一些不相关的服务先关闭
我也曾怀疑是oracle 的deamon没有开，但是怎么开呢？大家帮帮忙Terial(一粒飞翔的沙) 的观点很有参考价值，结贴时送分。
感谢1楼up
2楼的建议太笼统，看不懂啊
lsnrclt startup --“启动监听服务”
oradim -startup -sid service_name --“启动实例服务”
lsnrclt startup --“启动监听服务”
改成
lsnrctl start --“启动监听服务”
我的系统是HP-UX
进入Oracle安装目录的Bin目录下，
你就能找到这个执行文件。
http://expert.csdn.net/Expert/topic/2394/2394507.xml?temp=.3967096
祝你好运！！！
连启动到mount 状态都不行，所以我觉得要么是os的守护进程有问题，要么是init文件有问题，大家往这个思路上多想想。
先找到initSID.ora文件，
startup pfile='.../initSID.ora'
看看是什么结果。
指定 .ora文件
arch1_65886.dbf arch1_65900.dbf core
arch1_65887.dbf arch1_65901.dbf init.ora
arch1_65888.dbf arch1_65902.dbf init.ora.old
arch1_65889.dbf arch1_65903.dbf initdw.ora
arch1_65890.dbf arch1_65904.dbf initest.ora
arch1_65891.dbf arch1_65905.dbf initora817.ora
arch1_65892.dbf arch1_65906.dbf initora817.ora.96
arch1_65893.dbf arch1_65907.dbf lkO817
arch1_65894.dbf arch1_65908.dbf lkORA817
arch1_65895.dbf arch1_65909.dbf lumbak510426764_s4_p1
arch1_65896.dbf arch1_65910.dbf orapwora817
arch1_65897.dbf arch1_65911.dbf parameter.lst
arch1_65898.dbf arch1_65912.dbf snapcf_ora817.f
arch1_65899.dbf arch1_65913.dbf
62 cqxxj2/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/dbs:>sqlplusSQL*Plus: Release 8.1.7.0.0 - Production on 星期五 1月 30 15:21:09 2004(c) Copyright 2000 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.Enter user-name: internal
Connected to an idle instance.SQL> startup nomount pfile=/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/dbs/init.ora
ORA-24323: value not allowed
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
大家帮你看看是不是里边的参数问题！
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2000 by Oracle Corporation
#
##############################################################################
# Example INIT.ORA file
#
# This file is provided by Oracle Corporation to help you customize
# your RDBMS installation for your site. Important system parameters
# are discussed, and example settings given.
#
# Some parameter settings are generic to any size installation.
# For parameters that require different values in different size
# installations, three scenarios have been provided: SMALL, MEDIUM
# and LARGE. Any parameter that needs to be tuned according to
# installation size will have three settings, each one commented
# according to installation size.
#
# Use the following table to approximate the SGA size needed for the
# three scenarious provided in this file:
#
# -------Installation/Database Size------
# SMALL MEDIUM LARGE
# Block 2K 4500K 6800K 17000K
# Size 4K 5500K 8800K 21000K
#
# To set up a database that multiple instances will be using, place
# all instance-specific parameters in one file, and then have all
# of these files point to a master file using the IFILE command.
# This way, when you change a public
# parameter, it will automatically change on all instances. This is
# necessary, since all instances must run with the same value for many
# parameters. For example, if you choose to use private rollback' segments,
# these must be specified in different files, but since all gc_*
# parameters must be the same on all instances, they should be in one file.
#
# INSTRUCTIONS: Edit this file and the other INIT files it calls for
# your site, either by using the values provided here or by providing
# your own. Then place an IFILE= line into each instance-specific
# INIT file that points at this file.
#
# NOTE: Parameter values suggested in this file are based on conservative
# estimates for computer memory availability. You should adjust values upward
# for modern machines.
#
###############################################################################db_name = "ora817"
instance_name = ora817service_names = ora817
control_files = ("/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/oradata/ora817/control01.ctl", "/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/oradata/ora817/control02.ctl", "/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/oradata/ora817/control03.ctl")open_cursors = 500
max_enabled_roles = 30
db_block_buffers = 20480shared_pool_size = 524288000large_pool_size = 15728640
java_pool_size = 41933040log_checkpoint_interval = 10000
log_checkpoint_timeout = 1800processes = 170log_buffer = 163840# audit_trail = false # if you want auditing
# timed_statistics = false # if you want timed statistics
# max_dump_file_size = 10000 # limit trace file size to 5M each# Uncommenting the lines below will cause automatic archiving if archiving has
# been enabled using ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG.
# log_archive_start = true
# log_archive_dest_1 = "location=/usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/admin/ora817/arch"
# log_archive_format = arch_%t_%s.arc# If using private rollback segments, place lines of the following
# form in each of your instance-specific init.ora files:
#rollback_segments = ( RBS0, RBS1, RBS2, RBS3, RBS4, RBS5, RBS6 )# Global Naming -- enforce that a dblink has same name as the db it connects to
# global_names = false# Uncomment the following line if you wish to enable the Oracle Trace product
# to trace server activity. This enables scheduling of server collections
# from the Oracle Enterprise Manager Console.
# Also, if the oracle_trace_collection_name parameter is non-null,
# every session will write to the named collection, as well as enabling you
# to schedule future collections from the console.
# oracle_trace_enable = true# define directories to store trace and alert files
background_dump_dest = /usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/admin/ora817/bdump
core_dump_dest = /usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/admin/ora817/cdump
#Uncomment this parameter to enable resource management for your database.
#The SYSTEM_PLAN is provided by default with the database.
#Change the plan name if you have created your own resource plan.# resource_manager_plan = system_plan
user_dump_dest = /usr1/ora817/product/8.1.7/admin/ora817/udumpdb_block_size = 8192remote_login_passwordfile = exclusiveos_authent_prefix = ""mts_dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCP)(PRE=oracle.aurora.server.SGiopServer)"
# Uncomment the following line when your listener is configured for SSL
# (listener.ora and sqlnet.ora)
# mts_dispatchers = "(PROTOCOL=TCPS)(PRE=oracle.aurora.server.SGiopServer)"mts_dispatchers = "(protocol=TCP)(tick=15)(pool=true)"compatible = "8.1.0"
sort_area_size = 65536
sort_area_retained_size = 65536UTL_FILE_DIR=/usr1/jp01/backup
UTL_FILE_DIR=/usr1/jp01/dataup
UTL_FILE_DIR=/usr1/jp01/dic
mts_dispatchers="ipc,1"
这次春节放假关了几天机，回来就开不了数据库了，哭啊！！！
再将
db_name = "ora817"
中的双引号去掉试试。
// *Cause: A null value or a bogus value was passed in for a mandatory
// parameter.
// *Action: Verify that all mandatory parameters are properly initialized.