新手请教个问题（数据库插入中文乱码的问题）。。谢谢~

Question

装的是oracle 10 
select userenv('language') from dual
SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.WE8ISO8859P1在windows用sql developer 手动插入乱码
字段类型 varchar2
linux上的oracle服务器用oracle用户sqlplus插入也是乱码

Answer 1

可以使用如下语句查看oracle字符集参数：
SELECT  * FROM  v$nls_parameters; 
看服务器端字符集是否有问题，不支持中文.

Answer 2

1.怎么样查看数据库字符集
  1.1查看数据库服务器字符集(来源于props$表，sysdba身份可以查看此表)：
select lower(parameter),lower(value) from nls_database_parameters;
LOWER(PARAMETER)               LOWER(VALUE)
------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------
nls_language                   american
nls_territory                  america
nls_currency                   $
nls_iso_currency               america
nls_numeric_characters         .,
nls_characterset               zhs16gbk
nls_calendar                   gregorian
nls_date_format                dd-mon-rr
nls_date_language              american
nls_sort                       binary
nls_time_format                hh.mi.ssxff am
nls_timestamp_format           dd-mon-rr hh.mi.ssxff am
nls_time_tz_format             hh.mi.ssxff am tzr
nls_timestamp_tz_format        dd-mon-rr hh.mi.ssxff am tzr
nls_dual_currency              $
nls_comp                       binary
nls_length_semantics           byte
nls_nchar_conv_excp            false
nls_nchar_characterset         al16utf16
nls_rdbms_version              10.1.0.2.0
  1.2查看客户端字符环境(来源于v$parameter)：
select lower(parameter),lower(value) from nls_instance_parameters; LOWER(PARAMETER)                     LOWER(VALUE)
------------------------------------ -----------------
nls_language                         american
nls_territory                        america
nls_sort                             
nls_date_language                    
nls_date_format                      
nls_currency                         
nls_numeric_characters               
nls_iso_currency                     
nls_calendar                         
nls_time_format                      
nls_timestamp_format                 
nls_time_tz_format                   
nls_timestamp_tz_format              
nls_dual_currency                    
nls_comp                             
nls_length_semantics                 byte
nls_nchar_conv_excp                  false
  1.3查看会话字符集环境(来源v$nls_parameters)：
select lower(parameter),lower(value) from nls_session_parameters; LOWER(PARAMETER)                   LOWER(VALUE)
---------------------------------- --------------------------------------
nls_language                       simplified chinese
nls_territory                      china
nls_currency                       ￥
nls_iso_currency                   china
nls_numeric_characters             .,
nls_calendar                       gregorian
nls_date_format                    dd-mon-rr
nls_date_language                  simplified chinese
nls_sort                           binary
nls_time_format                    hh.mi.ssxff am
nls_timestamp_format               dd-mon-rr hh.mi.ssxff am
nls_time_tz_format                 hh.mi.ssxff am tzr
nls_timestamp_tz_format            dd-mon-rr hh.mi.ssxff am tzr
nls_dual_currency                  ￥
nls_comp                           binary
nls_length_semantics               byte
nls_nchar_conv_excp                false
2.修改字符集
  alter database来修改字符集，但也只限于子集到超集，不建议修改props$表。
  SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;  
  SQL>STARTUP MOUNT EXCLUSIVE;  
  SQL>ALTER SYSTEM ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION;  
  SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES=0;  
  SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET AQ_TM_PROCESSES=0;  
  SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;  
  SQL>ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE UTF8;  
  SQL>SHUTDOWN immediate;  
  SQL>startup;