VB托盘程序轻松实现 来源:www.vbeden.com托盘,亦即程序最小化后程序图标隐藏到屏幕右下角的任务栏里。这种最小化方法比普通的最小化节约空间,因此备受欢迎,很多软件都具有这样的功能。在VB中,可用API函数来实现托盘功能,但比较复杂,不太好操作。这里给大家介绍一种非常简单易行的方法:控件法。 说到控件,大家可能要皱眉头了:去哪找呀?放心!这个控件就躺在你的VB安装盘里!不过,得处理一下:请在Tool文件夹里查找一个名叫Systray的目录,将它拷贝到硬盘,用VB打开该目录下的工程,必要的话可作些改进(如更换图标、添加功能等),然后编译成ocx控件,可以随意命名。为方便使用起见,最好编译到Windows\System目录下。好了,现在我们就可以在我们的程序中使用此控件来轻松实现托盘功能了。添加控件的方法就不用我说了吧? 该控件最主要的属性是InTray属性:设置为True时程序图标出现在任务栏右边,设置为False时从任务栏中清除图标。此外还有图标属性TrayIcon(程序出现在任务时的图标样式)、TrayTip属性(鼠标移到该图标时出现的ToolTip字样)等,都是我们所熟悉的东西,一看就知道。 该控件的重要事件是几个我们常用的鼠标事件:按下、放开、移动、双击,编程时就是利用这些事件达到在任务栏中控制程序的目的。你会发现这也是很简单的,我就不罗嗦了。 下面给个例子。运行此例,点击最小化按钮,程序界面消失,程序图标(确切地说是CsysTray控件的图标)出现在任务栏右边;点击任务栏右边的图标,程序恢复到原状。'最小化程序到任务栏的右边 Private Sub Form_Resize() If Me.WindowState = 1 Then '如程序为最小化则—— cSysTray1.InTray = True '隐藏到任务栏 Me.Visible = False '让程序界面不可见 End If End Sub'恢復程序到屏幕 Private Sub CsysTray1_MouseDown(Button As Integer, Id As Long) Me.WindowState = 0 '程序回复到Normal状态 Me.Visible = True '从任务栏中清除图标 cSysTray1.InTray = False '令程序界面可见 End Sub
利用API函数: Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, pnid As NOTIFYICONDATA) As Boolean NOTIFYICONDATA的定义如下: Public Type NOTIFYICONDATA cbSize As Long hWnd As Long uId As Long uFlags As Long ucallbackMessage As Long hIcon As Long szTip As String * 64 End TypePublic Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200例子如下: 先进行如上的声明,再定义一结构: dim TrayIcon As NOTIFYICONDATA 在程序中加入: TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon) '本结构的长度 TrayIcon.hWnd = Me.hWnd '窗口句柄 TrayIcon.uId = vbNull TrayIcon.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_TIP Or NIF_MESSAGE '显示图标、提示、信息 TrayIcon.ucallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE '响应MOUSE TrayIcon.hIcon = Me.Icon '显示的图标 TrayIcon.szTip = MSGshow & Chr$(0) '显示的提示信息 Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, TrayIcon) '添加图标到托盘 ' 从系统托盘中删除图标 Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, TrayIcon) 即可实现。
以下是程序清单:Option ExplicitPrivate Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32.dll" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, lpData As NOTIFYICONDATA) As LongPrivate Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user32" Alias "SendMessageA" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, lParam As Any) As LongPrivate Const WM_SYSCOMMAND = &H112 Private Const SC_RESTORE = &HF120&Private LastState As Integer '保留原窗口状态'---------- dwMessage可以是以下NIM_ADD、NIM_DELETE、NIM_MODIFY 标识符之一---------- Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0 '在任务栏中增加一个图标 Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2 '删除任务栏中的一个图标 Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1 '修改任务栏中个图标信息Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1 'NOTIFYICONDATA结构中uFlags的控制信息 Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2 Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200 '当鼠标指针移至图标上Private Const WM_LBUTTONUP = &H202 Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205Private Type NOTIFYICONDATA cbSize As Long '该数据结构的大小 hwnd As Long '处理任务栏中图标的窗口句柄 uID As Long '定义的任务栏中图标的标识 uFlags As Long '任务栏图标功能控制,可以是以下值的组合(一般全包括) 'NIF_MESSAGE 表示发送控制消息; 'NIF_ICON表示显示控制栏中的图标; 'NIF_TIP表示任务栏中的图标有动态提示。 uCallbackMessage As Long '任务栏图标通过它与用户程序交换消息,处理该消息的窗口由hWnd决定 hIcon As Long '任务栏中的图标的控制句柄 szTip As String * 64 '图标的提示信息 End TypeDim myData As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load() If WindowState = vbMinimized Then LastState = vbNormal Else LastState = WindowState End If With myData .cbSize = Len(myData) .hwnd = Me.hwnd .uID = 0 .uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_MESSAGE Or NIF_TIP .uCallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE .hIcon = Me.Icon.Handle '默认为窗口图标 .szTip = "提示" & vbNullChar End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_ADD, myDataEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single) Select Case CLng(X) Case WM_RBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上右击时弹出菜单 Me.PopupMenu mnuTray Case WM_LBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上左击时窗口若最小化则恢复窗口位置 If Me.WindowState = vbMinimized Then Me.WindowState = LastState Me.SetFocus End If End Select End SubPrivate Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_DELETE, myData '窗口卸载时,将状态栏中的图标一同卸载 End SubPrivate Sub mnuExit_Click() Unload Me End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayChangeIcon_Click() On Error GoTo ErrHandler With cdlOpen .CancelError = True ' 设置标志 .InitDir = App.Path ' 默认的文件夹为当前文件夹 .Flags = cdlOFNHideReadOnly ' 设置过滤器 .Filter = "图标文件 (*.ico)|*.ico" ' 指定缺省的过滤器为图标文件 .ShowOpen ' 显示选定文件的名字 End With Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(cdlOpen.FileName) With myData .hIcon = Image1.Picture .uFlags = NIF_ICON End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY, myDataErrHandler: ' 用户按了"取消"按钮 Exit Sub End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayClose_Click() Unload Me End SubPrivate Sub Form_Resize() Select Case WindowState Case vbMinimized mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = False mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True Case vbMaximized mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = False mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True Case vbNormal mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = False End Select If WindowState <> vbMinimized Then LastState = WindowState End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMaximize_Click() WindowState = vbMaximized End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMinimize_Click() WindowState = vbMinimized End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayRestore_Click() SendMessage hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_RESTORE, 0& End Sub
说到控件,大家可能要皱眉头了:去哪找呀?放心!这个控件就躺在你的VB安装盘里!不过,得处理一下:请在Tool文件夹里查找一个名叫Systray的目录,将它拷贝到硬盘,用VB打开该目录下的工程,必要的话可作些改进(如更换图标、添加功能等),然后编译成ocx控件,可以随意命名。为方便使用起见,最好编译到Windows\System目录下。好了,现在我们就可以在我们的程序中使用此控件来轻松实现托盘功能了。添加控件的方法就不用我说了吧?
该控件最主要的属性是InTray属性:设置为True时程序图标出现在任务栏右边,设置为False时从任务栏中清除图标。此外还有图标属性TrayIcon(程序出现在任务时的图标样式)、TrayTip属性(鼠标移到该图标时出现的ToolTip字样)等,都是我们所熟悉的东西,一看就知道。
该控件的重要事件是几个我们常用的鼠标事件:按下、放开、移动、双击,编程时就是利用这些事件达到在任务栏中控制程序的目的。你会发现这也是很简单的,我就不罗嗦了。
下面给个例子。运行此例,点击最小化按钮,程序界面消失,程序图标(确切地说是CsysTray控件的图标)出现在任务栏右边;点击任务栏右边的图标,程序恢复到原状。'最小化程序到任务栏的右边
Private Sub Form_Resize()
If Me.WindowState = 1 Then '如程序为最小化则——
cSysTray1.InTray = True '隐藏到任务栏
Me.Visible = False '让程序界面不可见
End If
End Sub'恢復程序到屏幕
Private Sub CsysTray1_MouseDown(Button As Integer, Id As Long)
Me.WindowState = 0 '程序回复到Normal状态
Me.Visible = True '从任务栏中清除图标
cSysTray1.InTray = False '令程序界面可见
End Sub
http://www.yesky.com/20011024/202037.shtmlVB托盘程序详解
2001-10-24· ·--··yesky 很多软件运行时会在系统托盘区(就是桌面右下角显示时间的区域)出现一个小图标,它作为程序运行的一个标志,我们可以通过使用小图标所弹出的菜单来控制应用程序的状态。本例就给出了一个功能比较完整的托盘程序,我们可以看到怎样用API函数Shell_NotifyIcon来添加、删除、更改托盘图标;而且例中还演示了为托盘图标添加右键菜单和浮动提示的方法。
Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, pnid As NOTIFYICONDATA) As Boolean
NOTIFYICONDATA的定义如下:
Public Type NOTIFYICONDATA
cbSize As Long
hWnd As Long
uId As Long
uFlags As Long
ucallbackMessage As Long
hIcon As Long
szTip As String * 64
End TypePublic Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200例子如下:
先进行如上的声明,再定义一结构:
dim TrayIcon As NOTIFYICONDATA
在程序中加入:
TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon) '本结构的长度
TrayIcon.hWnd = Me.hWnd '窗口句柄
TrayIcon.uId = vbNull
TrayIcon.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_TIP Or NIF_MESSAGE '显示图标、提示、信息
TrayIcon.ucallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE '响应MOUSE
TrayIcon.hIcon = Me.Icon '显示的图标
TrayIcon.szTip = MSGshow & Chr$(0) '显示的提示信息
Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, TrayIcon) '添加图标到托盘
' 从系统托盘中删除图标
Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, TrayIcon)
即可实现。
文件(&F) mnuFile (一级菜单)
退出(&E) mnuExit (二级菜单)
Popup mnuTray (一级菜单,去掉该项的"可见"项)
更换图标(&I) mnuTrayChangeIcon (以下全为二级菜单)
恢复(&R) mnuTrayRestore
最小化(&N) mnuTrayMinimize
最大化(&X) mnuTrayMaximize
- mnuTrayLine
关闭(&C) mnuTrayClose
Private Const SC_RESTORE = &HF120&Private LastState As Integer '保留原窗口状态'---------- dwMessage可以是以下NIM_ADD、NIM_DELETE、NIM_MODIFY 标识符之一----------
Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0 '在任务栏中增加一个图标
Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2 '删除任务栏中的一个图标
Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1 '修改任务栏中个图标信息Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1 'NOTIFYICONDATA结构中uFlags的控制信息
Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2
Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200 '当鼠标指针移至图标上Private Const WM_LBUTTONUP = &H202
Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205Private Type NOTIFYICONDATA
cbSize As Long '该数据结构的大小
hwnd As Long '处理任务栏中图标的窗口句柄
uID As Long '定义的任务栏中图标的标识
uFlags As Long '任务栏图标功能控制,可以是以下值的组合(一般全包括)
'NIF_MESSAGE 表示发送控制消息;
'NIF_ICON表示显示控制栏中的图标;
'NIF_TIP表示任务栏中的图标有动态提示。
uCallbackMessage As Long '任务栏图标通过它与用户程序交换消息,处理该消息的窗口由hWnd决定
hIcon As Long '任务栏中的图标的控制句柄
szTip As String * 64 '图标的提示信息
End TypeDim myData As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load()
If WindowState = vbMinimized Then
LastState = vbNormal
Else
LastState = WindowState
End If With myData
.cbSize = Len(myData)
.hwnd = Me.hwnd
.uID = 0
.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_MESSAGE Or NIF_TIP
.uCallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE
.hIcon = Me.Icon.Handle '默认为窗口图标
.szTip = "提示" & vbNullChar
End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_ADD, myDataEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single)
Select Case CLng(X)
Case WM_RBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上右击时弹出菜单
Me.PopupMenu mnuTray
Case WM_LBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上左击时窗口若最小化则恢复窗口位置
If Me.WindowState = vbMinimized Then
Me.WindowState = LastState
Me.SetFocus
End If
End Select
End SubPrivate Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer)
Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_DELETE, myData '窗口卸载时,将状态栏中的图标一同卸载
End SubPrivate Sub mnuExit_Click()
Unload Me
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayChangeIcon_Click()
On Error GoTo ErrHandler
With cdlOpen
.CancelError = True ' 设置标志
.InitDir = App.Path ' 默认的文件夹为当前文件夹
.Flags = cdlOFNHideReadOnly ' 设置过滤器
.Filter = "图标文件 (*.ico)|*.ico" ' 指定缺省的过滤器为图标文件
.ShowOpen ' 显示选定文件的名字
End With Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(cdlOpen.FileName) With myData
.hIcon = Image1.Picture
.uFlags = NIF_ICON
End With
Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY, myDataErrHandler: ' 用户按了"取消"按钮
Exit Sub
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayClose_Click()
Unload Me
End SubPrivate Sub Form_Resize()
Select Case WindowState
Case vbMinimized
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = False
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True
Case vbMaximized
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = False
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True
Case vbNormal
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = False
End Select
If WindowState <> vbMinimized Then LastState = WindowState
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMaximize_Click()
WindowState = vbMaximized
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMinimize_Click()
WindowState = vbMinimized
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayRestore_Click()
SendMessage hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_RESTORE, 0&
End Sub