WINDOWS状态栏也称系统托盘,在WINDOWS9X中已有系统时钟、音量控制、输入法等程序在WINDOWS的状态栏中设有图标,一些应用程序在安装完后也将它们本身的图标放入了状态栏中,如超级解霸、WINAMP等。通过在应用程序中有效地控制状态栏中的图标,不仅可以使应用程序具有专业水准,也方便了用户的操作。VB做为一种使用很广的高级语言,实现将图标放入状态栏的功能并不困难,只要有效地利用一个API函数 Shell_NotifyIcon和NOTIFYICONDATA数据结构就能达到这一目的,有关这两者的定义和使用在程序中有详细的注释,在此就不再详述了。 下面的这个程序运行后,将窗口图标加入到了WINDOWS状态栏中,用鼠标右击该图标会弹出一个菜单,可实现修改该图标、窗口复位、最小化、最大化及关闭程序等功能。 在VB6中新建一工程,将FORM1的ScalMode的属性设为3,加入一个image控件和一个对话框控件(要加入对话框控件,须在部件中选取Microsoft Common Dialog Control 6.0),将image1的visible属性改为False,为该Form添加一个菜单,菜单设置如下:标题 名称 文件(&F) mnuFile (一级菜单) 退出(&E) mnuExit (二级菜单) Popup mnuTray (一级菜单,去掉该项的"可见"项) 更换图标(&I) mnuTrayChangeIcon (以下全为二级菜单) 恢复(&R) mnuTrayRestore 最小化(&N) mnuTrayMinimize 最大化(&X) mnuTrayMaximize - mnuTrayLine 关闭(&C) mnuTrayClose 以下是程序清单:Option ExplicitPrivate Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32.dll" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, lpData As NOTIFYICONDATA) As LongPrivate Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user32" Alias "SendMessageA" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, lParam As Any) As LongPrivate Const WM_SYSCOMMAND = &H112 Private Const SC_RESTORE = &HF120&Private LastState As Integer '保留原窗口状态'---------- dwMessage可以是以下NIM_ADD、NIM_DELETE、NIM_MODIFY 标识符之一---------- Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0 '在任务栏中增加一个图标 Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2 '删除任务栏中的一个图标 Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1 '修改任务栏中个图标信息Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1 'NOTIFYICONDATA结构中uFlags的控制信息 Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2 Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200 '当鼠标指针移至图标上Private Const WM_LBUTTONUP = &H202 Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205Private Type NOTIFYICONDATA cbSize As Long '该数据结构的大小 hwnd As Long '处理任务栏中图标的窗口句柄 uID As Long '定义的任务栏中图标的标识 uFlags As Long '任务栏图标功能控制,可以是以下值的组合(一般全包括) 'NIF_MESSAGE 表示发送控制消息; 'NIF_ICON表示显示控制栏中的图标; 'NIF_TIP表示任务栏中的图标有动态提示。 uCallbackMessage As Long '任务栏图标通过它与用户程序交换消息,处理该消息的窗口由hWnd决定 hIcon As Long '任务栏中的图标的控制句柄 szTip As String * 64 '图标的提示信息 End TypeDim myData As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load() If WindowState = vbMinimized Then LastState = vbNormal Else LastState = WindowState End If With myData .cbSize = Len(myData) .hwnd = Me.hwnd .uID = 0 .uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_MESSAGE Or NIF_TIP .uCallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE .hIcon = Me.Icon.Handle '默认为窗口图标 .szTip = "提示" & vbNullChar End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_ADD, myDataEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single) Select Case CLng(X) Case WM_RBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上右击时弹出菜单 Me.PopupMenu mnuTray Case WM_LBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上左击时窗口若最小化则恢复窗口位置 If Me.WindowState = vbMinimized Then Me.WindowState = LastState Me.SetFocus End If End Select End SubPrivate Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer) Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_DELETE, myData '窗口卸载时,将状态栏中的图标一同卸载 End SubPrivate Sub mnuExit_Click() Unload Me End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayChangeIcon_Click() On Error GoTo ErrHandler With cdlOpen .CancelError = True ' 设置标志 .InitDir = App.Path ' 默认的文件夹为当前文件夹 .Flags = cdlOFNHideReadOnly ' 设置过滤器 .Filter = "图标文件 (*.ico)|*.ico" ' 指定缺省的过滤器为图标文件 .ShowOpen ' 显示选定文件的名字 End With Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(cdlOpen.FileName) With myData .hIcon = Image1.Picture .uFlags = NIF_ICON End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY, myDataErrHandler: ' 用户按了"取消"按钮 Exit Sub End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayClose_Click() Unload Me End SubPrivate Sub Form_Resize() Select Case WindowState Case vbMinimized mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = False mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True Case vbMaximized mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = False mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True Case vbNormal mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = False End Select If WindowState <> vbMinimized Then LastState = WindowState End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMaximize_Click() WindowState = vbMaximized End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMinimize_Click() WindowState = vbMinimized End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayRestore_Click() SendMessage hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_RESTORE, 0& End Sub
Option ExplicitPrivate Type NOTIFYICONDATA cbSize As Long hWnd As Long uId As Long uFlags As Long ucallbackMessage As Long hIcon As Long szTip As String * 64 End TypePrivate Const WM_LBUTTONDOWN = &H201 Private Const WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK = &H203 Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205 Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0 Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1 Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1 Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2 Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2 Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4 Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200Private Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, pnid As NOTIFYICONDATA) As Boolean Private Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long Dim TrayIcon As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load() TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon) TrayIcon.hWnd = hWnd TrayIcon.uId = vbNull TrayIcon.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_TIP Or NIF_MESSAGE TrayIcon.ucallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE TrayIcon.hIcon = Me.Icon TrayIcon.szTip = "拖盘" & Chr(0)
'在系统栏添加拖盘 Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, TrayIcon) End SubPrivate Sub Form_QueryUnload(Cancel As Integer, UnloadMode As Integer) '构造系统拖盘结构 TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon) TrayIcon.hWnd = Me.hWnd TrayIcon.uId = vbNull
'删除系统栏的拖盘 Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, TrayIcon) End SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single) On Error Resume Next Dim Message As Long
Message = X / Screen.TwipsPerPixelX '判断鼠标消息,执行不同的功能 Select Case Message Case WM_LBUTTONDOWN '点击拖盘 Case WM_RBUTTONUP SetForegroundWindow Me.hWnd '按右键弹出菜单 'PopupMenu mnuPopup End Select End Sub
以前很多贴子,搜索一下“系统托盘”
以前很多贴子,搜索一下“系统托盘”
文件(&F) mnuFile (一级菜单)
退出(&E) mnuExit (二级菜单)
Popup mnuTray (一级菜单,去掉该项的"可见"项)
更换图标(&I) mnuTrayChangeIcon (以下全为二级菜单)
恢复(&R) mnuTrayRestore
最小化(&N) mnuTrayMinimize
最大化(&X) mnuTrayMaximize
- mnuTrayLine
关闭(&C) mnuTrayClose
以下是程序清单:Option ExplicitPrivate Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32.dll" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, lpData As NOTIFYICONDATA) As LongPrivate Declare Function SendMessage Lib "user32" Alias "SendMessageA" (ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, lParam As Any) As LongPrivate Const WM_SYSCOMMAND = &H112
Private Const SC_RESTORE = &HF120&Private LastState As Integer '保留原窗口状态'---------- dwMessage可以是以下NIM_ADD、NIM_DELETE、NIM_MODIFY 标识符之一----------
Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0 '在任务栏中增加一个图标
Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2 '删除任务栏中的一个图标
Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1 '修改任务栏中个图标信息Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1 'NOTIFYICONDATA结构中uFlags的控制信息
Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2
Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200 '当鼠标指针移至图标上Private Const WM_LBUTTONUP = &H202
Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205Private Type NOTIFYICONDATA
cbSize As Long '该数据结构的大小
hwnd As Long '处理任务栏中图标的窗口句柄
uID As Long '定义的任务栏中图标的标识
uFlags As Long '任务栏图标功能控制,可以是以下值的组合(一般全包括)
'NIF_MESSAGE 表示发送控制消息;
'NIF_ICON表示显示控制栏中的图标;
'NIF_TIP表示任务栏中的图标有动态提示。
uCallbackMessage As Long '任务栏图标通过它与用户程序交换消息,处理该消息的窗口由hWnd决定
hIcon As Long '任务栏中的图标的控制句柄
szTip As String * 64 '图标的提示信息
End TypeDim myData As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load()
If WindowState = vbMinimized Then
LastState = vbNormal
Else
LastState = WindowState
End If With myData
.cbSize = Len(myData)
.hwnd = Me.hwnd
.uID = 0
.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_MESSAGE Or NIF_TIP
.uCallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE
.hIcon = Me.Icon.Handle '默认为窗口图标
.szTip = "提示" & vbNullChar
End With Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_ADD, myDataEnd SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single)
Select Case CLng(X)
Case WM_RBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上右击时弹出菜单
Me.PopupMenu mnuTray
Case WM_LBUTTONUP '鼠标在图标上左击时窗口若最小化则恢复窗口位置
If Me.WindowState = vbMinimized Then
Me.WindowState = LastState
Me.SetFocus
End If
End Select
End SubPrivate Sub Form_Unload(Cancel As Integer)
Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_DELETE, myData '窗口卸载时,将状态栏中的图标一同卸载
End SubPrivate Sub mnuExit_Click()
Unload Me
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayChangeIcon_Click()
On Error GoTo ErrHandler
With cdlOpen
.CancelError = True ' 设置标志
.InitDir = App.Path ' 默认的文件夹为当前文件夹
.Flags = cdlOFNHideReadOnly ' 设置过滤器
.Filter = "图标文件 (*.ico)|*.ico" ' 指定缺省的过滤器为图标文件
.ShowOpen ' 显示选定文件的名字
End With Image1.Picture = LoadPicture(cdlOpen.FileName) With myData
.hIcon = Image1.Picture
.uFlags = NIF_ICON
End With
Shell_NotifyIcon NIM_MODIFY, myDataErrHandler: ' 用户按了"取消"按钮
Exit Sub
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayClose_Click()
Unload Me
End SubPrivate Sub Form_Resize()
Select Case WindowState
Case vbMinimized
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = False
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True
Case vbMaximized
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = False
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = True
Case vbNormal
mnuTrayMaximize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayMinimize.Enabled = True
mnuTrayRestore.Enabled = False
End Select
If WindowState <> vbMinimized Then LastState = WindowState
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMaximize_Click()
WindowState = vbMaximized
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayMinimize_Click()
WindowState = vbMinimized
End SubPrivate Sub mnuTrayRestore_Click()
SendMessage hwnd, WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_RESTORE, 0&
End Sub
cbSize As Long
hWnd As Long
uId As Long
uFlags As Long
ucallbackMessage As Long
hIcon As Long
szTip As String * 64
End TypePrivate Const WM_LBUTTONDOWN = &H201
Private Const WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK = &H203
Private Const WM_RBUTTONUP = &H205
Private Const NIM_ADD = &H0
Private Const NIM_MODIFY = &H1
Private Const NIF_MESSAGE = &H1
Private Const NIM_DELETE = &H2
Private Const NIF_ICON = &H2
Private Const NIF_TIP = &H4
Private Const WM_MOUSEMOVE = &H200Private Declare Function Shell_NotifyIcon Lib "shell32" Alias "Shell_NotifyIconA" (ByVal dwMessage As Long, pnid As NOTIFYICONDATA) As Boolean
Private Declare Function SetForegroundWindow Lib "user32" (ByVal hWnd As Long) As Long
Dim TrayIcon As NOTIFYICONDATAPrivate Sub Form_Load()
TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon)
TrayIcon.hWnd = hWnd
TrayIcon.uId = vbNull
TrayIcon.uFlags = NIF_ICON Or NIF_TIP Or NIF_MESSAGE
TrayIcon.ucallbackMessage = WM_MOUSEMOVE
TrayIcon.hIcon = Me.Icon
TrayIcon.szTip = "拖盘" & Chr(0)
'在系统栏添加拖盘
Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD, TrayIcon)
End SubPrivate Sub Form_QueryUnload(Cancel As Integer, UnloadMode As Integer)
'构造系统拖盘结构
TrayIcon.cbSize = Len(TrayIcon)
TrayIcon.hWnd = Me.hWnd
TrayIcon.uId = vbNull
'删除系统栏的拖盘
Call Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE, TrayIcon)
End SubPrivate Sub Form_MouseMove(Button As Integer, Shift As Integer, X As Single, Y As Single)
On Error Resume Next
Dim Message As Long
Message = X / Screen.TwipsPerPixelX '判断鼠标消息,执行不同的功能
Select Case Message
Case WM_LBUTTONDOWN
'点击拖盘
Case WM_RBUTTONUP
SetForegroundWindow Me.hWnd
'按右键弹出菜单
'PopupMenu mnuPopup
End Select
End Sub