The following example sends an ICMP echo request to the IP address 123.456.789.0 and prints the information received from that request.#include <winsock2.h> #include <iphlpapi.h> #include <icmpapi.h> #include <stdio.h>int __cdecl main(int argc, char **argv) { // Declare and initialize variables
#include <iphlpapi.h>
#include <icmpapi.h>
#include <stdio.h>int __cdecl main(int argc, char **argv) { // Declare and initialize variables
HANDLE hIcmpFile;
unsigned long ipaddr = INADDR_NONE;
DWORD dwRetVal = 0;
char SendData[] = "Data Buffer";
LPVOID ReplyBuffer = NULL;
DWORD ReplySize = 0;
// Validate the parameters
if (argc != 2) {
printf("usage: %s IP address\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
} ipaddr = inet_addr(argv[1]);
if (ipaddr == INADDR_NONE) {
printf("usage: %s IP address\n", argv[0]);
return 1;
}
hIcmpFile = IcmpCreateFile();
if (hIcmpFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
printf("\tUnable to open handle.\n");
printf("IcmpCreatefile returned error: %ld\n", GetLastError() );
return 1;
} ReplySize = sizeof(ICMP_ECHO_REPLY) + sizeof(SendData);
ReplyBuffer = (VOID*) malloc(ReplySize);
if (ReplyBuffer == NULL) {
printf("\tUnable to allocate memory\n");
return 1;
}
dwRetVal = IcmpSendEcho(hIcmpFile, ipaddr, SendData, sizeof(SendData),
NULL, ReplyBuffer, ReplySize, 1000);
if (dwRetVal != 0) {
PICMP_ECHO_REPLY pEchoReply = (PICMP_ECHO_REPLY)ReplyBuffer;
struct in_addr ReplyAddr;
ReplyAddr.S_un.S_addr = pEchoReply->Address;
printf("\tSent icmp message to %s\n", argv[1]);
if (dwRetVal > 1) {
printf("\tReceived %ld icmp message responses\n", dwRetVal);
printf("\tInformation from the first response:\n");
}
else {
printf("\tReceived %ld icmp message response\n", dwRetVal);
printf("\tInformation from this response:\n");
}
printf("\t Received from %s\n", inet_ntoa( ReplyAddr ) );
printf("\t Status = %ld\n",
pEchoReply->Status);
printf("\t Roundtrip time = %ld milliseconds\n",
pEchoReply->RoundTripTime);
}
else {
printf("\tCall to IcmpSendEcho failed.\n");
printf("\tIcmpSendEcho returned error: %ld\n", GetLastError() );
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
Examples: Ping: ICMP.DLL Method
#include <stdio.h>
#include <winsock2.h>
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")typedef struct icmp_hdr
{
unsigned char icmp_type; // 消息类型
unsigned char icmp_code; // 代码
unsigned short icmp_checksum; // 校验和
// 下面是回显头
unsigned short icmp_id; // 用来惟一标识此请求的ID号，通常设置为进程ID
unsigned short icmp_sequence; // 序列号
unsigned long icmp_timestamp; // 时间戳
} ICMP_HDR, *PICMP_HDR;typedef struct _IPHeader // 20字节的IP头
{
UCHAR iphVerLen; // 版本号和头长度（各占4位）
UCHAR ipTOS; // 服务类型
USHORT ipLength; // 封包总长度，即整个IP报的长度
USHORT ipID; // 封包标识，惟一标识发送的每一个数据报
USHORT ipFlags; // 标志
UCHAR ipTTL; // 生存时间，就是TTL
UCHAR ipProtocol; // 协议，可能是TCP、UDP、ICMP等
USHORT ipChecksum; // 校验和
ULONG ipSource; // 源IP地址
ULONG ipDestination; // 目标IP地址
} IPHeader, *PIPHeader; USHORT checksum(USHORT* buff, int size);BOOL SetTimeout(SOCKET s, int nTime, BOOL bRecv = TRUE);int main()
{
// 目的IP地址，即要Ping的IP地址
char szDestIp[] = "127.0.0.1"; // 127.0.0.1 WSADATA wsaData;
WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2,2);
if(::WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
{
return -1;
} // 创建原始套节字
SOCKET sRaw = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); // 设置接收超时
SetTimeout(sRaw, 1000, TRUE); // 设置目的地址
SOCKADDR_IN dest;
dest.sin_family = AF_INET;
dest.sin_port = htons(0);
dest.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr(szDestIp); // 创建ICMP封包
char buff[sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32];
ICMP_HDR* pIcmp = (ICMP_HDR*)buff;
// 填写ICMP封包数据
pIcmp->icmp_type = 8; // 请求一个ICMP回显
pIcmp->icmp_code = 0;
pIcmp->icmp_id = (USHORT)::GetCurrentProcessId();
pIcmp->icmp_checksum = 0;
pIcmp->icmp_sequence = 0;
// 填充数据部分，可以为任意
memset(&buff[sizeof(ICMP_HDR)], 'E', 32);
// 开始发送和接收ICMP封包
USHORT nSeq = 0;
char recvBuf[1024];
SOCKADDR_IN from;
int nLen = sizeof(from);
while(TRUE)
{
static int nCount = 0;
int nRet;
if(nCount++ == 4)
break;
pIcmp->icmp_checksum = 0;
pIcmp->icmp_timestamp = ::GetTickCount();
pIcmp->icmp_sequence = nSeq++;
pIcmp->icmp_checksum = checksum((USHORT*)buff, sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32);
nRet = ::sendto(sRaw, buff, sizeof(ICMP_HDR) + 32, 0, (SOCKADDR *)&dest, sizeof(dest));
if(nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf(" sendto() failed: %d \n", ::WSAGetLastError());
return -1;
}
nRet = ::recvfrom(sRaw, recvBuf, 1024, 0, (sockaddr*)&from, &nLen);
if(nRet == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
if(::WSAGetLastError() == WSAETIMEDOUT)
{
printf("Request timed out\n");
continue;
}
printf(" recvfrom() failed: %d\n", ::WSAGetLastError());
return -1;
} // 下面开始解析接收到的ICMP封包
int nTick = ::GetTickCount();
if(nRet < sizeof(IPHeader) + sizeof(ICMP_HDR))
{
printf(" Too few bytes from %s \n", ::inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr));
}
// 接收到的数据中包含IP头，IP头大小为20个字节，所以加20得到ICMP头
ICMP_HDR* pRecvIcmp = (ICMP_HDR*)(recvBuf + 20); // (ICMP_HDR*)(recvBuf + sizeof(IPHeader));
if(pRecvIcmp->icmp_type != 0) // 回显
{
printf(" nonecho type %d recvd \n", pRecvIcmp->icmp_type);
return -1;
} if(pRecvIcmp->icmp_id != ::GetCurrentProcessId())
{
printf(" someone else's packet! \n");
return -1;
}
printf(" %d bytes from %s:", nRet, inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr));
printf(" icmp_seq = %d. ", pRecvIcmp->icmp_sequence);
printf(" time: %d ms", nTick - pRecvIcmp->icmp_timestamp);
printf(" \n"); ::Sleep(1000);
} return 0;
}USHORT checksum(USHORT* buff, int size)
{
unsigned long cksum = 0;
while(size>1)
{
cksum += *buff++;
size -= sizeof(USHORT);
}
// 是奇数
if(size)
{
cksum += *(UCHAR*)buff;
}
// 将32位的chsum高16位和低16位相加，然后取反
cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff);
cksum += (cksum >> 16);
return (USHORT)(~cksum);
}BOOL SetTimeout(SOCKET s, int nTime, BOOL bRecv)
{
int ret = ::setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET,
bRecv ? SO_RCVTIMEO : SO_SNDTIMEO, (char*)&nTime, sizeof(nTime));
return ret != SOCKET_ERROR;
}