include<windows.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <fstream.h>
#include <winappc.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <process.h>HANDLE hCom ; // 准备打开的串口的句柄
HANDLE hCommWatchThread ; //辅助线程的全局函数LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);
UINT CommWatchProc(HWND hSendWnd)
{
DWORD dwEvtMask=0 ;
COMSTAT ComStat ;
DWORD dwErrorFlags,dwLength,dwError;
BOOL fReadStat ;
LPSTR lpBuffer ; SetCommMask( hCom, EV_RXCHAR|EV_TXEMPTY );//有哪些串口事件需要监视?
WaitCommEvent( hCom, &dwEvtMask, NULL );// 等待串口通信事件的发生
//检测返回的dwEvtMask,知道发生了什么串口事件
if ((dwEvtMask & EV_RXCHAR) == EV_RXCHAR) // 缓冲区中有数据到达
{
ClearCommError(hCom, &dwErrorFlags, &ComStat ) ;
dwLength = ComStat.cbInQue ; //输入缓冲区有多少数据?
if (dwLength > 0)
{
fReadStat = ReadFile(hCom, lpBuffer, dwLength, &dwLength ,NULL); //读数据
if (!fReadStat)
{
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING)
{
while(!GetOverlappedResult(hCom,NULL, & dwLength, TRUE))
{
dwError = GetLastError();
if(dwError == ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE) continue;
}
}
}
// ::PostMessage((HWND)hSendWnd,WM_NOTIFYPROCESS,0,0);//通知主线程,串口收到数据
}
}
return 0;
}
int SerialInit( ) ; //串口初始化int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[]=TEXT("HelloWorld");
static TCHAR szClassName[]=TEXT("HelloWorldClass");
HWND hwnd;
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wndclass;
unsigned long * p=NULL; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szClassName;
if(!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
{
MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("This program requires Windows NT !"),
"szAppName",MB_ICONERROR);
return 0;
} hwnd = CreateWindow(szClassName,
TEXT("My Input Program"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL );
ShowWindow(hwnd,nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd); SerialInit( );//串口初始化
//*****************开辟新线程********************************************
hCommWatchThread=CreateThread((LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES) NULL,//安全属性
0, //初始化线程栈大小,却省为与主线程大小相同
(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)CommWatchProc, //线程的全局函数
NULL, //此处传入了主框架的句柄
0,p);
//*****************开辟新线程******************************************** while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
int SerialInit( ) //初始化串口
{
DWORD dwError;
DCB dcb;
COMMTIMEOUTS to;
BOOL fSuccess;
//**************************打开串口***************************
hCom = CreateFile("COM1", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0,
NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
if (hCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("打开串口错误!"),
"ok",MB_ICONERROR);
} //***************************打开串口****************************
//***************************配置串口****************************
GetCommState(hCom,&dcb);
dcb.BaudRate = 9600; //波特率为9600
dcb.ByteSize = 8; //数据位数为8位
dcb.Parity = NOPARITY; //偶校验
dcb.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT; //一个停止位
dcb.fBinary = TRUE;
if(!SetCommState(hCom,&dcb))
{
MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("设置错误"), "OK", MB_ICONERROR);
} SetupComm(hCom, 1024, 1024);
//PurgeComm(hCom, PURGE_TXCLEAR);
PurgeComm( hCom, PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXCLEAR ); //清干净输入、输出缓冲区
//***************************配置串口****************************
//******************将串口读操作的超时设定为10 毫秒**************
memset(&to, 0, sizeof(to));
to.ReadIntervalTimeout = 10;
SetCommTimeouts(hCom, &to);
//******************将串口读操作的超时设定为10 毫秒**************
//******************设置事件掩模来监视指定通信端口上的事件(监视串口的错误和接收到字符两种事件)********
fSuccess=SetCommMask(hCom, EV_RXCHAR|EV_TXEMPTY );//设置事件驱动的类型
if (!fSuccess)
{
MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("SetCommMask 错误"), "OK", MB_ICONERROR);
}
//******************设置事件掩模来监视指定通信端口上的事件(监视串口的错误和接收到字符两种事件)******** return 0;}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam)
{
HDC hdc;
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
RECT rect;
char temp[128];
switch(message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
return 0; //获取键盘输入
case WM_KEYDOWN:
switch(wParam)
{
//按Esc键推出
case VK_ESCAPE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
//其余按键发声
MessageBeep(MB_OK);
return 0; //按下鼠标左键发声
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
MessageBeep(MB_OK);
return 0; //按下鼠标右键退出
case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0; //鼠标位置改变,显示坐标
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
sprintf(temp,"x: %d , y: %d",LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam));
TextOut(hdc,10,10,temp,strlen(temp));
ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
return 0; case WM_PAINT:
hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
GetClientRect(hwnd,&rect);
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
} return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
}求助:
各位大哥,我写到这里不知道怎么写了,
弄了 3 天了,还没有一点结果。
请给我一个小例子,可以说越小越好
(最好是多线程的,一个完整的例子)谢谢!
#include<stdio.h>
#include<iostream.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <fstream.h>
#include <winappc.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <process.h>HANDLE hCom ; // 准备打开的串口的句柄
HANDLE hCommWatchThread ; //辅助线程的全局函数LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);
UINT CommWatchProc(HWND hSendWnd)
{
DWORD dwEvtMask=0 ;
COMSTAT ComStat ;
DWORD dwErrorFlags,dwLength,dwError;
BOOL fReadStat ;
LPSTR lpBuffer ; SetCommMask( hCom, EV_RXCHAR|EV_TXEMPTY );//有哪些串口事件需要监视?
WaitCommEvent( hCom, &dwEvtMask, NULL );// 等待串口通信事件的发生
//检测返回的dwEvtMask,知道发生了什么串口事件
if ((dwEvtMask & EV_RXCHAR) == EV_RXCHAR) // 缓冲区中有数据到达
{
ClearCommError(hCom, &dwErrorFlags, &ComStat ) ;
dwLength = ComStat.cbInQue ; //输入缓冲区有多少数据?
if (dwLength > 0)
{
fReadStat = ReadFile(hCom, lpBuffer, dwLength, &dwLength ,NULL); //读数据
if (!fReadStat)
{
if (GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING)
{
while(!GetOverlappedResult(hCom,NULL, & dwLength, TRUE))
{
dwError = GetLastError();
if(dwError == ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE) continue;
}
}
}
// ::PostMessage((HWND)hSendWnd,WM_NOTIFYPROCESS,0,0);//通知主线程,串口收到数据
}
}
return 0;
}
int SerialInit( ) ; //串口初始化int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,int nCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[]=TEXT("HelloWorld");
static TCHAR szClassName[]=TEXT("HelloWorldClass");
HWND hwnd;
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wndclass;
unsigned long * p=NULL; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szClassName;
if(!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
{
MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("This program requires Windows NT !"),
"szAppName",MB_ICONERROR);
return 0;
} hwnd = CreateWindow(szClassName,
TEXT("My Input Program"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL );
ShowWindow(hwnd,nCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(hwnd); SerialInit( );//串口初始化
//*****************开辟新线程********************************************
hCommWatchThread=CreateThread((LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES) NULL,//安全属性
0, //初始化线程栈大小,却省为与主线程大小相同
(LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)CommWatchProc, //线程的全局函数
NULL, //此处传入了主框架的句柄
0,p);
//*****************开辟新线程******************************************** while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
return msg.wParam;
}
int SerialInit( ) //初始化串口
{
DWORD dwError;
DCB dcb;
COMMTIMEOUTS to;
BOOL fSuccess;
//**************************打开串口***************************
hCom = CreateFile("COM1", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0,
NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
if (hCom == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
{
MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("打开串口错误!"),
"ok",MB_ICONERROR);
} //***************************打开串口****************************
//***************************配置串口****************************
GetCommState(hCom,&dcb);
dcb.BaudRate = 9600; //波特率为9600
dcb.ByteSize = 8; //数据位数为8位
dcb.Parity = NOPARITY; //偶校验
dcb.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT; //一个停止位
dcb.fBinary = TRUE;
if(!SetCommState(hCom,&dcb))
{
MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("设置错误"), "OK", MB_ICONERROR);
} SetupComm(hCom, 1024, 1024);
//PurgeComm(hCom, PURGE_TXCLEAR);
PurgeComm( hCom, PURGE_TXABORT | PURGE_RXABORT | PURGE_TXCLEAR | PURGE_RXCLEAR ); //清干净输入、输出缓冲区
//***************************配置串口****************************
//******************将串口读操作的超时设定为10 毫秒**************
memset(&to, 0, sizeof(to));
to.ReadIntervalTimeout = 10;
SetCommTimeouts(hCom, &to);
//******************将串口读操作的超时设定为10 毫秒**************
//******************设置事件掩模来监视指定通信端口上的事件(监视串口的错误和接收到字符两种事件)********
fSuccess=SetCommMask(hCom, EV_RXCHAR|EV_TXEMPTY );//设置事件驱动的类型
if (!fSuccess)
{
MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("SetCommMask 错误"), "OK", MB_ICONERROR);
}
//******************设置事件掩模来监视指定通信端口上的事件(监视串口的错误和接收到字符两种事件)******** return 0;}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam)
{
HDC hdc;
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
RECT rect;
char temp[128];
switch(message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
return 0; //获取键盘输入
case WM_KEYDOWN:
switch(wParam)
{
//按Esc键推出
case VK_ESCAPE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
//其余按键发声
MessageBeep(MB_OK);
return 0; //按下鼠标左键发声
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
MessageBeep(MB_OK);
return 0; //按下鼠标右键退出
case WM_RBUTTONDOWN:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0; //鼠标位置改变,显示坐标
case WM_MOUSEMOVE:
hdc = GetDC(hwnd);
sprintf(temp,"x: %d , y: %d",LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam));
TextOut(hdc,10,10,temp,strlen(temp));
ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc);
return 0; case WM_PAINT:
hdc=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
GetClientRect(hwnd,&rect);
EndPaint(hwnd,&ps);
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
} return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
}求助:
各位大哥,我写到这里不知道怎么写了,
弄了 3 天了,还没有一点结果。
请给我一个小例子,可以说越小越好
(最好是多线程的,一个完整的例子)谢谢!
{
protected:
VARIANT InBuffer;
VARIANT OutBuffer;
CMSComm m_Com;
public:
......
}BOOL CMyDiaLog::OnInitDialog()
{
CDialog::OnInitDialog();
m_Com.SetCommPort(1);
if (!m_Com.GetPortOpen()) {
m_Com.SetSettings("57600,N,8,1");
m_Com.SetPortOpen(true);
m_Com.SetInBufferCount(0);
SetTimer(1,10,NULL);
InBuffer.bstrVal=new unsigned short[MESSAGELENGTH];
OutBuffer.bstrVal=new unsigned short[MESSAGELENGTH];
OutBuffer.vt=VT_BSTR;
}
return true;
}void CMyDiaLog::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)
{
if (m_Com.GetInBufferCount()>=MESSAGELENGTH) {
InBuffer=m_Com.GetInput();
// handle the InBuffer.
// Fill the OutBuffer.
m_Com.SetOutput(OutBuffer);
}
CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
} 用该控件传输的数据是UNICODE格式。关于UNICODE和ANSI的关系和转换请参看MSDN。 关于该控件的其他详细资料请查看MSDN关于COMM CONTROL部分。 二、直接用VC++访问串口。 在VC++中,串口和磁盘文件可以统一的方式来简单读写。这两者几乎没有什么不同,只是在WINDOWS 9X下磁盘文件只能做同步访问,而串口只能做异步访问。 CreateFile:用指定的方式打开指定的串口。通常的方式为 m_hCom = CreateFile( "COM1", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL ); m_hCom为文件句柄。GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE指定可以对串口进行读写操作。第三个参数0表示串口为独占打开。OPEN_EXISTING表示当指定串口不存在时,程序将返回失败。 FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED则表示文件属性。当打开串口时,必须指定 FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,它表示文件或设备不会维护访问指针,则在读写时,必须使用OVERLAPPED 结构指定访问的文件偏移量。 ReadFile:读取串口数据。 WriteFile:向串口写数据。 CloseHandle:关闭串口。 COMMTIMEOUTS:COMMTIMEOUTS主要用于串口超时参数设置。COMMTIMEOUTS结构如下:typedef struct _COMMTIMEOUTS {
DWORD ReadIntervalTimeout;
DWORD ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
DWORD ReadTotalTimeoutConstant;
DWORD WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier;
DWORD WriteTotalTimeoutConstant;
} COMMTIMEOUTS,*LPCOMMTIMEOUTS;
ReadIntervalTimeout:两字符之间最大的延时,当读取串口数据时,一旦两个字符传输的时间差超过该时间,读取函数将返回现有的数据。设置为0表示该参数不起作用。 ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier:读取每字符间的超时。 ReadTotalTimeoutConstant:一次读取串口数据的固定超时。所以在一次读取串口的操作中,其超时为ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier乘以读取的字节数再加上 ReadTotalTimeoutConstant。将ReadIntervalTimeout设置为MAXDWORD,并将ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier 和ReadTotalTimeoutConstant设置为0,表示读取操作将立即返回存放在输入缓冲区的字符。 WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier:写入每字符间的超时。 WriteTotalTimeoutConstant:一次写入串口数据的固定超时。所以在一次写入串口的操作中,其超时为WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier乘以写入的字节数再加上 WriteTotalTimeoutConstant。 SetCommTimeouts函数可以设置某设备句柄的超时参数,要得到某设备句柄的超时参数可以用GetCommTimeouts函数。 DCB:DCB结构主要用于串口参数设置。该结构太庞大,这里就不一一讲述了,有兴趣者可查看MSDN关于DCB的描述。其中下面两个是比较重要的属性。 BaudRate:串口的通讯速度。一般设置为9600。 ByteSize:字节位数。一般设置为8。 DCB结构可以用SetCommState函数来设置,并可以用GetCommState来得到现有串口的属性。 SetupComm:设置串口输入、输出缓冲区。接下面.....................
DWORD Internal;
DWORD InternalHigh;
DWORD Offset;
DWORD OffsetHigh;
HANDLE hEvent;
} OVERLAPPED;
Internal,InternalHigh是保留给系统使用的,用户不需要设置。 Offset,OffsetHigh是读写串口的偏移量,一般设置OffsetHigh为NULL,可以支持2GB数据。 hEvent读写事件,因为串口是异步通讯,操作可能被其他进程堵塞,程序可以通过检查该时间来得知是否读写完毕。事件将在读写完成后,自动设置为有效。 通过以上这些函数和结构,我们就可以通过串口进行通讯了,现在我们具体看下面的实例:BOOL CSerial::Open( int nPort, int nBaud )
{
if( m_bOpened ) return( TRUE );char szPort[15];
DCB dcb;wsprintf( szPort, "COM%d", nPort );
m_hComDev = CreateFile( szPort, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL );
if( m_hComDev == NULL ) return( FALSE );memset( &m_OverlappedRead, 0, sizeof( OVERLAPPED ) );
memset( &m_OverlappedWrite, 0, sizeof( OVERLAPPED ) );COMMTIMEOUTS CommTimeOuts;
CommTimeOuts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 0xFFFFFFFF;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 0;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 0;
CommTimeOuts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 5000;
SetCommTimeouts( m_hComDev, &CommTimeOuts );m_OverlappedRead.hEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );dcb.DCBlength = sizeof( DCB );
GetCommState( m_hComDev, &dcb );
dcb.BaudRate = nBaud;
dcb.ByteSize = 8;
if( !SetCommState( m_hComDev, &dcb ) ||
!SetupComm( m_hComDev, 10000, 10000 ) ||
m_OverlappedRead.hEvent == NULL ||
m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent == NULL ){
DWORD dwError = GetLastError();
if( m_OverlappedRead.hEvent != NULL ) CloseHandle( m_OverlappedRead.hEvent );
if( m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent != NULL ) CloseHandle( m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent );
CloseHandle( m_hComDev );
return FALSE;
}m_bOpened = TRUE;return m_bOpened;}int CSerial::InBufferCount( void )
{if( !m_bOpened || m_hComDev == NULL ) return( 0 );DWORD dwErrorFlags;
COMSTAT ComStat;ClearCommError( m_hIDComDev, &dwErrorFlags, &ComStat );return (int)ComStat.cbInQue;}DWORD CSerial::ReadData( void *buffer, DWORD dwBytesRead)
{if( !m_bOpened || m_hComDev == NULL ) return 0;BOOL bReadStatus;
DWORD dwErrorFlags;
COMSTAT ComStat;ClearCommError( m_hComDev, &dwErrorFlags, &ComStat );
if( !ComStat.cbInQue ) return 0;dwBytesRead = min(dwBytesRead,(DWORD) ComStat.cbInQue);bReadStatus = ReadFile( m_hComDev, buffer, dwBytesRead, &dwBytesRead, &m_OverlappedRead );
if( !bReadStatus ){
if( GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING ){
WaitForSingleObject( m_OverlappedRead.hEvent, 2000 );
return dwBytesRead;
}
return 0;
}return dwBytesRead;}DWORD CSerial::SendData( const char *buffer, DWORD dwBytesWritten)
{if( !m_bOpened || m_hComDev == NULL ) return( 0 );BOOL bWriteStat;bWriteStat = WriteFile( m_hComDev, buffer, dwBytesWritten, &dwBytesWritten, &m_OverlappedWrite );
if( !bWriteStat){
if ( GetLastError() == ERROR_IO_PENDING ) {
WaitForSingleObject( m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent, 1000 );
return dwBytesWritten;
}
return 0;
}
return dwBytesWritten;} 上述函数基本实现串口的打开,读写操作。本文章略去该串口类的说明和关闭函数。读者应该能将这些内容写完。接下来,你就可以在你的程序中调用该串口类了。关于本文有任何疑问,请与作者联系。 本文参考文献:MSDN 1999, Microsoft Corp
请自行调试,其中出现大量错误是由于变量有的是大写,有的是小写,或者漏括号,分号等造成的,都是小问题,我也是摘的.
我需要的是您的第二个例子,不过,还是看不怎么懂
比如:
m_OverlappedRead.hEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );
m_OverlappedWrite.hEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL );为什么要这样?还有
m_OverlappedRead
是什么类型?谢谢!