用Invalidate()更新为何明显抖动？

Question

如下托盘程序，在主线程中计时，子线程中用Textout()显示，用Invalidate()显示为何明显抖动？
program.h
//{{NO_DEPENDENCIES}}
// Microsoft Developer Studio generated include file.
// Used by RES.rc
//
#define IDI_ICON1                       102
#define IDI_ICON2                       103
#define IDR_MENU1                       105
#define IDB_BITMAP1                     108
#define ID_EXIT                         40001// Next default values for new objects
// 
#ifdef APSTUDIO_INVOKED
#ifndef APSTUDIO_READONLY_SYMBOLS
#define _APS_NEXT_RESOURCE_VALUE        110
#define _APS_NEXT_COMMAND_VALUE         40011
#define _APS_NEXT_CONTROL_VALUE         1000
#define _APS_NEXT_SYMED_VALUE           101
#endif
#endifprogram.cpp
#include<afxwin.h>
#include"program.h"
#define WM_THREADEXIT WM_USER+103
#define WM_SHOWTHREAD WM_USER+100
#define WM_THREADQUIT WM_USER+107
BOOL threadflag=FALSE;
static HWND thexit;
NOTIFYICONDATA nid; 
class mywindow: public CFrameWnd
{  public:
mywindow();
~mywindow();
BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT &cs)
{
cs.hMenu=LoadMenu(NULL,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1));
return CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}
afx_msg void OnExit()
{
   PostMessage(WM_CLOSE);
}
afx_msg void OnPaint()
{  CPaintDC paintDC(this);
   paintDC.TextOut(20,20,"亲爱的，你好");
}
afx_msg void OnThreadQuit()
{
   PostMessage(WM_CLOSE);
}

DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
mywindow::mywindow()
{
Create(NULL,"用户界面线程"); 
thexit=GetSafeHwnd();
}
mywindow::~mywindow()
{
threadflag=FALSE;
}
class UIthread: public CWinThread
{
DECLARE_DYNCREATE(UIthread)
public:
BOOL InitInstance()
{
CFrameWnd *mythread=new mywindow;
m_pMainWnd=mythread;
mythread->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
return TRUE;
}
};
IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(UIthread,CWinThread)
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(mywindow,CFrameWnd)
ON_COMMAND(ID_EXIT,OnExit)
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_MESSAGE(WM_THREADQUIT,OnThreadQuit)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
class myframewindow: public CFrameWnd
{  public:
myframewindow();
~myframewindow();
afx_msg void OnPaint()
{  CPaintDC paintDC(this);
   paintDC.TextOut(10,5,"这是主线程窗口程序");
}
afx_msg void OnWinexit()
{
PostMessage(WM_CLOSE);
}
afx_msg void OnThreadExit()
{
::PostMessage(thexit,WM_THREADQUIT,0,0);
}
void enablewin(CCmdUI *PCmd);
afx_msg LRESULT onshowthread(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
myframewindow::myframewindow()
{
  Create(NULL,(LPCTSTR)"这是主线程窗口");
}
myframewindow::~myframewindow()
{
  Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE,&nid);
}
void myframewindow::enablewin(CCmdUI *PCmd)
{
PCmd->Enable(threadflag);
}LRESULT myframewindow::onshowthread(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
if(wParam!=IDI_ICON1)
return 0;
switch(lParam)
{ case WM_RBUTTONUP: 
{
  LPPOINT lpoint=new tagPOINT;
  GetCursorPos(lpoint);
  CMenu menu;
  menu.CreatePopupMenu();  
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,WM_DESTROY,"退  出");
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,WM_THREADEXIT,"关闭窗口");
  ::SetForegroundWindow(nid.hWnd);
  menu.TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN,lpoint->x,lpoint->y,this);
  HMENU hmenu=menu.Detach();
  menu.DestroyMenu();
  delete lpoint;
      }
break;
case WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
{
if(!threadflag)
{ AfxBeginThread(RUNTIME_CLASS(UIthread)); threadflag=TRUE; }
 
}
}
return 1;
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(myframewindow,CFrameWnd)
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_COMMAND(WM_DESTROY,OnWinexit)
ON_COMMAND(WM_THREADEXIT,OnThreadExit)
ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(WM_THREADEXIT,enablewin)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_SHOWTHREAD,onshowthread)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()class mainthd: public CWinApp
{
public:
mainthd(): CWinApp("Main Thread!"){}
BOOL InitInstance()
{
HICON hIcon=LoadIcon(IDI_ICON2);
CFrameWnd *myframe=new myframewindow;
m_pMainWnd=myframe;
nid.cbSize=sizeof(NOTIFYICONDATA);
nid.hWnd=myframe->m_hWnd;
nid.uID=IDI_ICON1;
nid.uFlags=NIF_ICON|NIF_TIP|NIF_MESSAGE;
nid.uCallbackMessage=WM_SHOWTHREAD;
nid.hIcon=LoadIcon(IDI_ICON1);
strcpy(nid.szTip,"用户界面线程及托盘演示");
Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD,&nid);
myframe->SetIcon(hIcon,FALSE);
myframe->ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);
return TRUE;
}
}mainthread;然后在设置里用FMC表态链接，我想知道如何添加program.rc文件？加入托盘图标？

Answer 1

Invalidate() 改称  InvalidateRect()

Answer 2

用Invalidate(FALSE);
InvalidateRect()也不错

Answer 3

减轻抖动，请用双缓冲技术
搜索一下，so much

Answer 4

用Invalidate(FALSE);
InvalidateRect()用过有减轻。双缓冲没用过程序如下请帮修正：是不是线程序通信有问题？#include<afxwin.h>
#include"resource.h"
#define WM_THREADEXIT WM_USER+103
#define WM_SHOWTHREAD WM_USER+100
#define WM_THREADQUIT WM_USER+107
BOOL threadflag=FALSE;
BOOL m_bStayOnTop=TRUE;
static HWND thexit;
NOTIFYICONDATA nid; 
CString m_nTime;
static int m_count=0; 
CEdit m_wndEdit;
class mywindow: public CFrameWnd
{  public:
mywindow(); ~mywindow();
void SetTopMostState ()
{
    CMenu* pMenu = GetSystemMenu (FALSE);    if (!m_bStayOnTop) {
        SetWindowPos (&wndTopMost, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE);
        pMenu->CheckMenuItem (IDM_SYSMENU_STAY_ON_TOP, MF_CHECKED);
    }       
    else {
        SetWindowPos (&wndNoTopMost, 0, 0, 0, 0, SWP_NOMOVE | SWP_NOSIZE);
        pMenu->CheckMenuItem (IDM_SYSMENU_STAY_ON_TOP, MF_UNCHECKED);
    }
}
BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT &cs)
{
cs.hMenu=LoadMenu(NULL,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1));

return CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}
afx_msg void OnExit()
{
   PostMessage(WM_CLOSE);
}afx_msg void OnSysCommand (UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
    UINT nMaskedID = nID & 0xFFF0;  if (nMaskedID == IDM_SYSMENU_STAY_ON_TOP) {
          m_bStayOnTop = m_bStayOnTop ? 0 : 1;
        SetTopMostState ();
        return;
    }
    CWnd::OnSysCommand (nID, lParam);
}



afx_msg void OnPaint()
{  
      CPaintDC dc(this);
 

     CRect rect;
     CFont m_tFont;
     m_tFont.CreatePointFont(280,_T ("宋体"));
    CFont* pOldFont = dc.SelectObject (&m_tFont);
    GetClientRect (&rect);
    dc.SetViewportOrg (rect.Width () / 2, rect.Height () / 2);
    dc.TextOut(-80,-20,_T(m_nTime));     Invalidate(false);
      dc.SelectObject (pOldFont);
}
        
afx_msg int OnCreate (LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs)
{    if (CFrameWnd::OnCreate (lpcs) == -1)
        return -1;
    if (!SetTimer (2, 1000, NULL)) {
        MessageBox (_T ("Error: SetTimer failed"));
        return -1;
    }
CMenu* pMenu = GetSystemMenu (FALSE);
 pMenu->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR);
  pMenu->AppendMenu (MF_STRING, IDM_SYSMENU_STAY_ON_TOP,
        _T ("Stay on To&p"));    return 0; }
afx_msg void OnTimer (UINT nTimerID)
{
  CTime time = CTime::GetCurrentTime ();
    m_nTime.Format(_T("%0.2d:%0.2d:%0.2d"),int(m_count/3600),m_count%3600/60,m_count%60);
 
} afx_msg void OnThreadQuit()
{
   PostMessage(WM_CLOSE); }

DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
mywindow::mywindow()
{
CBrush brush;
brush.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(100,255,200));
 CString strWndClass = AfxRegisterWndClass (
        0,
        AfxGetApp ()->LoadStandardCursor (IDC_ARROW),
        (HBRUSH) (COLOR_WINDOW + 1),
        AfxGetApp ()->LoadStandardIcon (IDI_APPLICATION)    ); CreateEx (0, strWndClass,  _T ("用户界面线程"),
        WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_SYSMENU | WS_CAPTION | WS_MINIMIZEBOX,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL, NULL);
    CRect rect (0, 0, 200, 80);
    CalcWindowRect (&rect);    SetWindowPos (NULL, 0, 0, rect.Width (), rect.Height (),
         SWP_NOMOVE );
 thexit=GetSafeHwnd();}mywindow::~mywindow()
{
threadflag=FALSE;
}class UIthread: public CWinThread
{
DECLARE_DYNCREATE(UIthread)
public:
BOOL InitInstance()
{
CFrameWnd *mythread=new mywindow;
m_pMainWnd=mythread;
mythread->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);
return TRUE;
}
};
IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(UIthread,CWinThread)
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(mywindow,CFrameWnd)
ON_COMMAND(ID_EXIT,OnExit)
ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()
ON_WM_CREATE ()
ON_WM_TIMER ()
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_MESSAGE(WM_THREADQUIT,OnThreadQuit)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()class myframewindow: public CFrameWnd
{  public:
myframewindow();
~myframewindow();
afx_msg int OnCreate (LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs)
{
    if (CFrameWnd::OnCreate (lpcs) == -1)
        return -1;    if (!SetTimer (1, 1000, NULL)) {
        MessageBox (_T ("Error: SetTimer failed"));
        return -1;
    }
    return 0;
}
afx_msg void OnTimer (UINT nTimerID)
{
  CTime time = CTime::GetCurrentTime (); m_count++;
    m_nTime.Format(_T("%0.2d:%0.2d:%0.2d"),int(m_count/3600),m_count%3600/60,m_count%60);}
afx_msg void OnPaint()
{      

} afx_msg void OnWinexit()
{
PostMessage(WM_CLOSE);
} afx_msg void OnThreadExit()
{
::PostMessage(thexit,WM_THREADQUIT,0,0);
BOOL m_bStayOnTop=TRUE;
} void enablewin(CCmdUI *PCmd);
afx_msg LRESULT onshowthread(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam);
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};
myframewindow::myframewindow()
{
  Create(NULL,(LPCTSTR)"这是主线程窗口");
    
} myframewindow::~myframewindow()
{
  Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_DELETE,&nid);
}
void myframewindow::enablewin(CCmdUI *PCmd)
{
PCmd->Enable(threadflag);
}LRESULT myframewindow::onshowthread(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
if(wParam!=IDI_ICON1)
return 0;
switch(lParam)
{ case WM_RBUTTONUP: 
{
  LPPOINT lpoint=new tagPOINT;
  GetCursorPos(lpoint);
  CMenu menu;
  menu.CreatePopupMenu();  
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,WM_DESTROY,"退  出");
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
  menu.AppendMenu(MF_STRING,WM_THREADEXIT,"关闭窗口");
  ::SetForegroundWindow(nid.hWnd);
  menu.TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN,lpoint->x,lpoint->y,this);
  HMENU hmenu=menu.Detach();
  menu.DestroyMenu();
  delete lpoint;
      }
break;
case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
{
if(!threadflag)
{ AfxBeginThread(RUNTIME_CLASS(UIthread)); threadflag=TRUE; }
 
}
}
return 1;
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(myframewindow,CFrameWnd)
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_COMMAND(WM_DESTROY,OnWinexit)
ON_COMMAND(WM_THREADEXIT,OnThreadExit)
ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(WM_THREADEXIT,enablewin)
ON_MESSAGE(WM_SHOWTHREAD,onshowthread)
ON_WM_CREATE ()
ON_WM_TIMER ()END_MESSAGE_MAP()class mainthd: public CWinApp
{
public:
mainthd(): CWinApp("Main Thread!"){}
BOOL InitInstance()
{
HICON hIcon=LoadIcon(IDI_ICON2);
CFrameWnd *myframe=new myframewindow;
m_pMainWnd=myframe;
nid.cbSize=sizeof(NOTIFYICONDATA);
nid.hWnd=myframe->m_hWnd;
nid.uID=IDI_ICON1;
nid.uFlags=NIF_ICON|NIF_TIP|NIF_MESSAGE;
nid.uCallbackMessage=WM_SHOWTHREAD;
nid.hIcon=LoadIcon(IDI_ICON1);
strcpy(nid.szTip,"用户界面线程及托盘演示");
Shell_NotifyIcon(NIM_ADD,&nid);
myframe->SetIcon(hIcon,FALSE);
myframe->ShowWindow(SW_HIDE);
return TRUE;
}
}mainthread;

Answer 5

Invalidate(FALSE);重画的时候不擦除背景
InvalidateRect()只刷新指定的rect
当然双缓冲效果更好

Answer 6

对使用双缓冲技术。。就可以填补这个BUG了。

Answer 7

这里说的双缓冲是指创建一个后台DC，在上面画后再blt到前台窗口，如何创建后台DC和如何添加托盘图标，很多文章都有介绍。

Answer 8

REDRAWWINDOW加INVALIDATE参数和INVALIDATE（false)效果一样，你有还有别的方法没有