同一台电脑上读取的硬盘ID会发生变动的问题

Question

用以下两种函数读取硬盘信息，但在一些电脑上，会发生变动，希望达人能提供一个更好用的函数。 function GetHDSerialNumber(Drv : String): String;
var
  VolumeSerialNumber : DWORD;
  MaximumComponentLength : DWORD;
  FileSystemFlags : DWORD;
begin  if Drv[Length(Drv)] =':' then Drv := Drv + '\';  GetVolumeInformation(pChar(Drv),nil,0,@VolumeSerialNumber,MaximumComponentLength,FileSystemFlags,nil,0);  Result := IntToHex(HiWord(VolumeSerialNumber),4) +'-' +
    IntToHex(LoWord(VolumeSerialNumber),4);end;
function GetIdeSerialNumber() : PChar; stdcall;
  const
  IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE = 512;
  type
  TIDERegs = packed record
       bFeaturesReg: BYTE; // Used for specifying SMART "commands".
       bSectorCountReg: BYTE; // IDE sector count register
       bSectorNumberReg: BYTE; // IDE sector number register
       bCylLowReg: BYTE; // IDE low order cylinder value
       bCylHighReg: BYTE; // IDE high order cylinder value
       bDriveHeadReg: BYTE; // IDE drive/head register
       bCommandReg: BYTE; // Actual IDE command.
       bReserved: BYTE; // reserved for future use. Must be zero.
  end;  TSendCmdInParams = packed record
      // Buffer size in bytes
      cBufferSize: DWORD;
      // Structure with drive register values.
      irDriveRegs: TIDERegs;
      // Physical drive number to send command to (0,1,2,3).
      bDriveNumber: BYTE;
      bReserved: array[0..2] of Byte;
      dwReserved: array[0..3] of DWORD;
      bBuffer: array[0..0] of Byte; // Input buffer.
  end;  TIdSector = packed record
      wGenConfig: Word;
      wNumCyls: Word;
      wReserved: Word;
      wNumHeads: Word;
      wBytesPerTrack: Word;
      wBytesPerSector: Word;
      wSectorsPerTrack: Word;
      wVendorUnique: array[0..2] of Word;
      sSerialNumber: array[0..19] of CHAR;
      wBufferType: Word;
      wBufferSize: Word;
      wECCSize: Word;
      sFirmwareRev: array[0..7] of Char;
      sModelNumber: array[0..39] of Char;
      wMoreVendorUnique: Word;
      wDoubleWordIO: Word;
      wCapabilities: Word;
      wReserved1: Word;
      wPIOTiming: Word;
      wDMATiming: Word;
      wBS: Word;
      wNumCurrentCyls: Word;
      wNumCurrentHeads: Word;
      wNumCurrentSectorsPerTrack: Word;
      ulCurrentSectorCapacity: DWORD;
      wMultSectorStuff: Word;
      ulTotalAddressableSectors: DWORD;
      wSingleWordDMA: Word;
      wMultiWordDMA: Word;
      bReserved: array[0..127] of BYTE;
  end;  PIdSector = ^TIdSector;  TDriverStatus = packed record
      // 驱动器返回的错误代码，无错则返回0
      bDriverError: Byte;
      // IDE出错寄存器的内容，只有当bDriverError 为 SMART_IDE_ERROR 时有效
      bIDEStatus: Byte;
      bReserved: array[0..1] of Byte;
      dwReserved: array[0..1] of DWORD;
  end;  TSendCmdOutParams = packed record
      // bBuffer的大小
      cBufferSize: DWORD;
      // 驱动器状态
      DriverStatus: TDriverStatus;
      // 用于保存从驱动器读出的数据的缓冲区，实际长度由cBufferSize决定
      bBuffer: array[0..0] of BYTE;
  end;
  var
  hDevice : THandle;
  cbBytesReturned : DWORD;
  SCIP : TSendCmdInParams;
  aIdOutCmd : array[0..(SizeOf(TSendCmdOutParams) + IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE - 1) - 1] of Byte;
  IdOutCmd : TSendCmdOutParams absolute aIdOutCmd;  procedure ChangeByteOrder(var Data; Size: Integer);
  var
      ptr : PChar;
      i : Integer;
      c : Char;
  begin
      ptr := @Data;      for I := 0 to (Size shr 1) - 1 do
      begin
        c := ptr^;
        ptr^ := (ptr + 1)^;
        (ptr + 1)^ := c;
        Inc(ptr, 2);
      end;
  end;
begin
  Result := ''; // 如果出错则返回空串  if SysUtils.Win32Platform = VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT then // Windows NT, Windows 2000
  begin
      // 提示! 改变名称可适用于其它驱动器，如第二个驱动器： '\\.\PhysicalDrive1\'
      hDevice := CreateFile('\\.\PhysicalDrive0', GENERIC_READ or GENERIC_WRITE,
                            FILE_SHARE_READ or FILE_SHARE_WRITE, nil, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0);
  end
  else // Version Windows 95 OSR2, Windows 98
      hDevice := CreateFile('\\.\SMARTVSD', 0, 0, nil, CREATE_NEW, 0, 0);      if hDevice = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then Exit;      try
        FillChar(SCIP, SizeOf(TSendCmdInParams) - 1, #0);
        FillChar(aIdOutCmd, SizeOf(aIdOutCmd), #0);
        cbBytesReturned := 0;        // Set up data structures for IDENTIFY command.
        with SCIP do
        begin
          cBufferSize := IDENTIFY_BUFFER_SIZE;          // bDriveNumber := 0;
          with irDriveRegs do
          begin
            bSectorCountReg := 1;
            bSectorNumberReg := 1;            // if Win32Platform=VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT then bDriveHeadReg := $A0
            // else bDriveHeadReg := $A0 or ((bDriveNum and 1) shl 4);
            bDriveHeadReg := $A0;
            bCommandReg := $EC;
          end;
        end;        if not DeviceIoControl(hDevice, $0007C088, @SCIP, SizeOf(TSendCmdInParams) - 1,
                              @aIdOutCmd, SizeOf(aIdOutCmd), cbBytesReturned, nil) then Exit;
      finally
        CloseHandle(hDevice);
      end;      with PIdSector(@IdOutCmd.bBuffer)^ do
      begin
        ChangeByteOrder(sSerialNumber, SizeOf(sSerialNumber));
        (Pchar(@sSerialNumber) + SizeOf(sSerialNumber))^ := #0;        Result := Pchar(@sSerialNumber);        end;
end;

Answer 1

试试用WMI取Win32_DiskDrive类的Signature属性
详细：http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa394132(VS.85).aspx#propertiesdelphi实现：uses
   ActiveX, ComObj;var
  WMi, Objs, Obj: OleVariant;
  Enum: IEnumVariant;
  C: Cardinal;
  id: Cardinal;
begin
  Wmi:= CreateOleObject('WbemScripting.SWbemLocator');
  Objs := Wmi.ConnectServer('.','root\cimv2')
   .ExecQuery('SELECT * FROM Win32_DiskDrive');
  Enum := IEnumVariant(IUnknown(Objs._NewEnum));
  Enum.Reset;
  C := 0;
  while Succeeded(Enum.Next(1, Obj, C)) and (C > 0) do
  begin
    id := Obj.Properties_.Item('signature', 0).Value;
    ShowMessage(IntToStr(id));
  end;
end;

Answer 2

WMI的方法貌似 在WIN64下会出问题，并且在WIN7下好像也有问题