在汇编中定义一个过程，如下段：
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.128 WaitWhileBusy proc
129 MOV EBX, 100000
130 MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
131 ADD DX, 7
132 @LoopWhileBusy:
133 DEC EBX
134 CMP EBX, 0
135 JZ @Timeout
136 in AL, DX
137 TEST AL, btBusy
138 JNZ @LoopWhileBusy
139 JMP @DriveReady
140 @Timeout: // 超时，直接退出
141 JMP @LeaveRing0
142 @DriveReady:
143 RET
144 ENDP // End of WaitWhileBusy Procedure
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.编译后提示错误：
1、Undeclared identifier: 'WaitWhileBusy' //第128行
2、Invalid combination of opcode and operands //第137行
3、Undeclared identifier: 'ENDP' //第144行请问各位高手，此问题如何解决？谢谢
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.128 WaitWhileBusy proc
129 MOV EBX, 100000
130 MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
131 ADD DX, 7
132 @LoopWhileBusy:
133 DEC EBX
134 CMP EBX, 0
135 JZ @Timeout
136 in AL, DX
137 TEST AL, btBusy
138 JNZ @LoopWhileBusy
139 JMP @DriveReady
140 @Timeout: // 超时，直接退出
141 JMP @LeaveRing0
142 @DriveReady:
143 RET
144 ENDP // End of WaitWhileBusy Procedure
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.编译后提示错误：
1、Undeclared identifier: 'WaitWhileBusy' //第128行
2、Invalid combination of opcode and operands //第137行
3、Undeclared identifier: 'ENDP' //第144行请问各位高手，此问题如何解决？谢谢
dwBaseAddress : Word;const
btBusy = 1;procedure MyASM;
begin
asm
@WaitWhileBusy:
MOV EBX, 100000
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7
@LoopWhileBusy:
DEC EBX
CMP EBX, 0
JZ @Timeout
in AL, DX
TEST AL, btBusy
JNZ @LoopWhileBusy
JMP @DriveReady
@Timeout: // 超时，直接退出
JMP @LeaveRing0
@DriveReady:
RET
@LeaveRing0:
end;
end;
另外你可以写纯汇编过程，即以procedure asm end定义的过程，不需要procedure begin asm end end这种结构。
还有在BASM过程中是不需要写ret的，最后那个end就指示编译器自动生成ret、ret n这种返回指令。
在网上有很多获取硬盘序列号的资料，但绝大多数都只能在NT环境下有效，在9X下就不行了，下面这段程序在NT和9X下都行，就是在转为Delphi的过程中遇到很多问题，
希望jadeluo(秀峰) 或其他高手帮忙转一下，谢谢。//---------------------------------------------------------------------------#include <vcl.h>
#include <WinIOCtl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#pragma hdrstop
#pragma inline#include "Unit1.h"
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma package(smart_init)
#pragma resource "*.dfm"
TForm1 *Form1;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// 辅助函数
char *__fastcall ConvertToString(DWORD dwDiskData[256], int nFirstIndex, int nLastIndex);
// Windows 9X函数
void __fastcall ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X(TStrings *pSerList, TStrings *pModeList);
void __fastcall ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X_Ring0(bool IsFirst, WORD BaseAddress,
BYTE MoS, bool &IsIDEExist, bool &IsDiskExist, WORD *OutData);
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------// ConvertToString
char *__fastcall ConvertToString(DWORD dwDiskData[256], int nFirstIndex, int nLastIndex)
{
static char szResBuf[1024];
int nIndex = 0;
int nPosition = 0; // Each integer has two characters stored in it backwards
for(nIndex = nFirstIndex; nIndex <= nLastIndex; nIndex++)
{
// Get high BYTE for 1st character
szResBuf[nPosition] = (char)(dwDiskData[nIndex] / 256);
nPosition++; // Get low BYTE for 2nd character
szResBuf[nPosition] = (char)(dwDiskData[nIndex] % 256);
nPosition++;
} // End the string
szResBuf[nPosition] = '\0'; // Cut off the trailing blanks
for(nIndex = nPosition - 1; nIndex > 0 && ' ' == szResBuf[nIndex]; nIndex--)
szResBuf[nIndex] = '\0'; return szResBuf;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Windows 95/98/ME 代码
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X
void __fastcall ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X(TStrings *pSerList, TStrings *pModeList)
{
WORD wOutData[256];
SetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess(), REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS); // 经过测试，发现第一次调用而且Drive >= 2时会在Ring0代码中出现错误，导致蓝屏。
// 经过N（N > 15）次的蓝屏后仍找不到原因：（，不得不在这里增加一段无用代码以
// 避免蓝屏的出现。（期待高人能指出原因）
for(int nDrive = 0; nDrive < 8; nDrive++)
{
WORD dwBaseAddress;
BYTE btMasterSlave; // Master Or Slave
bool bIsIDEExist;
bool IsDiskExist; switch(nDrive / 2)
{
case 0: dwBaseAddress = 0x01F0; break;
case 1: dwBaseAddress = 0x0170; break;
case 2: dwBaseAddress = 0x01E8; break;
case 3: dwBaseAddress = 0x0168; break;
} btMasterSlave = (BYTE)(((nDrive % 2) == 0) ? 0xA0 : 0xB0); // 进入Ring0
ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X_Ring0(true, dwBaseAddress, btMasterSlave,
bIsIDEExist, IsDiskExist, wOutData);
} // 开始读取
for(int nDrive = 0; nDrive < 8; nDrive++)
{
WORD dwBaseAddress;
BYTE btMasterSlave; // Master Or Slave
bool bIsIDEExist;
bool bIsDiskExist;
switch(nDrive / 2)
{
case 0: dwBaseAddress = 0x01F0; break;
case 1: dwBaseAddress = 0x0170; break;
case 2: dwBaseAddress = 0x01E8; break;
case 3: dwBaseAddress = 0x0168; break;
} btMasterSlave = (BYTE)(((nDrive % 2) == 0) ? 0xA0 : 0xB0); // 进入Ring0
bIsIDEExist = false;
bIsDiskExist = false;
ZeroMemory(wOutData, sizeof(wOutData)); ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X_Ring0(false, dwBaseAddress, btMasterSlave,
bIsIDEExist, bIsDiskExist, wOutData); if(bIsIDEExist && bIsDiskExist)
{
DWORD dwDiskData[256];
char szSerialNumber[21];
char szModelNumber[41]; for(int k=0; k < 256; k++)
dwDiskData[k] = wOutData[k]; // 取系列号
ZeroMemory(szSerialNumber, sizeof(szSerialNumber));
strcpy(szSerialNumber, ConvertToString(dwDiskData, 10, 19)); // 取模型号
ZeroMemory(szModelNumber, sizeof(szModelNumber));
strcpy(szModelNumber, ConvertToString(dwDiskData, 27, 46)); pSerList->Add(szSerialNumber);
pModeList->Add(szModelNumber);
}
}
SetPriorityClass(GetCurrentProcess(), NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS);
}
// 为防止不负责任的转载者，在此注明原出处信息，请见谅。
// 资料收集整理：ccrun(老妖)，欢迎光临C++Builder研究: http://www.ccrun.com
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X_Ring0()
//
// dwBaseAddress = IDE(0,1,2,3) : 1F0h, 170h, 1E8h, 168h
// btMasterSlave = Master(0xA0) Or Slave(0xB0)
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X_Ring0(bool bIsFirst, WORD dwBaseAddress,
BYTE btMasterSlave, bool &bIsIDEExist, bool &bIsDiskExist, WORD *pOutData)
{
BYTE btIDTR1[6];
DWORD dwOldExceptionHook;
const int nHookExceptionNo = 5; BYTE btIsIDEExist = 0;
BYTE btIsDiskExist = 0;
WORD wOutDataBuf[256]; BYTE btIsFirst = (BYTE)bIsFirst; const BYTE btBit00 = 0x01;
// const BYTE btBit02 = 0x04;
const BYTE btBit06 = 0x40;
const BYTE btBit07 = 0x80;
// const BYTE btERR = btBit00;
const BYTE btBusy = btBit07;
const BYTE btAtaCmd = 0xEC;
const BYTE btAtapiCmd = 0xA1; __asm
{
// 必须先执行这条语句
JMP EnterRing0 // 定义过程
// 等待IDE设备直到其不为忙为止
WaitWhileBusy proc MOV EBX, 100000
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7 LoopWhileBusy: DEC EBX
CMP EBX, 0
JZ Timeout
in AL, DX
TEST AL, btBusy
JNZ LoopWhileBusy
JMP DriveReady // 超时，直接退出
Timeout:
JMP LeaveRing0
DriveReady:
RET
ENDP // End of WaitWhileBusy Procedure // 设置主盘和从盘标志
SelectDevice proc MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 6
MOV AL, btMasterSlave out DX, AL
RET ENDP // End of SelectDevice Procedure // 向IDE设备发送存取指令
SendCmd proc MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7
MOV AL, BL // BL是主从盘标识，在过程外设置
out DX, AL
RET
ENDP // End of SendCmd Procedure // Ring0代码
Ring0Proc:
PUSHAD
// 查询IDE设备是否存在
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7
in AL,DX // 当AL的值是0xFF或者0x7F时，IDE设备不存在，这时候直接返回
CMP AL,0xFF
JZ LeaveRing0
CMP AL, 0x7F
JZ LeaveRing0 // 设置IDE设备存在标志
MOV btIsIDEExist, 1 // 查询IDE设备上的驱动器是否存在（有IDE插槽在主板上，但是却不一定有硬盘插在上面）
CALL WaitWhileBusy
CALL SelectDevice // 如果是第一次调用，则直接返回，否则执行下行语句时会出现蓝屏
CMP btIsFirst, 1
JZ LeaveRing0 // 第一次调用时，如果执行这行语句会导致蓝屏，Why？？？
CALL WaitWhileBusy // AL的值等于cBit06时，不存在驱动器，直接返回
TEST AL, btBit06
JZ LeaveRing0 // 设置驱动器存在标志
MOV btIsDiskExist, 1 // 发送存取端口命令
// 无法像NT/2000/XP那样可以通过查询VERSION的值得到驱动器的类型，
// 所以只能一步一步地测试，如果不是ATA设备，再尝试使用ATAPI设备命令
CALL WaitWhileBusy
CALL SelectDevice // 设置主从盘标识
MOV BL, btAtaCmd // 发送读取命令
CALL SendCmd
CALL WaitWhileBusy // 检查是否出错
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7 in AL, DX TEST AL, btBit00
JZ RetrieveInfo // 没有错误时则读数据 // 如果出错，则进一步尝试使用ATAPI设备命令
CALL WaitWhileBusy
CALL SelectDevice
MOV BL, btAtapiCmd
CALL SendCmd
CALL WaitWhileBusy // 检查是否还出错
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
ADD DX, 7
in AL, DX
TEST AL, btBit00
JZ RetrieveInfo // 没有错误时则读数据
JMP LeaveRing0 // 如果还是出错，直接返回 // 读取数据
RetrieveInfo: LEA EDI, wOutDataBuf
MOV ECX, 256
MOV DX, dwBaseAddress
CLD REP INSW // 退出Ring0代码
LeaveRing0: POPAD
IRETD // 激活Ring0代码
EnterRing0: // 修改中断门
SIDT FWORD PTR btIDTR1
MOV EAX, DWORD PTR btIDTR1 + 02h
ADD EAX, nHookExceptionNo * 08h + 04h
CLI // 保存原异常处理例程入口
MOV ECX, DWORD PTR [EAX]
MOV CX, WORD PTR [EAX-04h]
MOV dwOldExceptionHook, ECX // 指定新入口
LEA EBX, Ring0Proc
MOV WORD PTR [EAX-04h],BX
SHR EBX, 10h
MOV WORD PTR[EAX+02h], BX // 激活Ring0代码
INT nHookExceptionNo // 复原入口
MOV ECX,dwOldExceptionHook
MOV WORD PTR[EAX-04h], CX
SHR ECX,10h
MOV WORD PTR[EAX+02h], CX
STI
}
if(!bIsFirst)
{
bIsIDEExist = (bool)btIsIDEExist;
bIsDiskExist = (bool)btIsDiskExist;
CopyMemory(pOutData, wOutDataBuf, sizeof(wOutDataBuf));
}
}//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
__fastcall TForm1::TForm1(TComponent* Owner)
: TForm(Owner)
{
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
Memo1->Lines->Clear();
Memo2->Lines->Clear();
Memo1->Lines->Add("硬盘序列号：");
Memo2->Lines->Add("硬盘型号："); if (Win32Platform!=VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
ReadPhysicalDriveOnW9X(Memo1->Lines, Memo2->Lines);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------