有N个数,每个数的大小都不一样,如何按照指定的上限比如26,最多不能超过3个数一组,来计算出最少能分成多少组?每个组里是哪些数?某个数一旦使用,则不能再次使用。比如说有1个数组,数组里面有50个数字,每个数字都不一样,这50个数字,按最多3个或者4个或者5个来累加,累加和不能超过一个指定数比如26来分组,那么这50个数字最少能分多少组,每组的数字是什么?某一个数字一旦被分配进了某一组,则后续计算不能再次使用。求该算法的delphi 实现源码。谢谢诸位大神
调试欢乐多
Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
Dialogs, Grids, DBGrids, DB, DBClient, StdCtrls;type
TPackWeight=record
indexno:integer;
weight:integer;
opt:boolean;
end;type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
CDS1: TClientDataSet;
DataSource1: TDataSource;
DBGrid1: TDBGrid;
Button1: TButton;
mmo1: TMemo;
gs: TEdit;
Label1: TLabel;
Label2: TLabel;
packW: TEdit;
Label3: TLabel;
num: TEdit;
Button3: TButton;
Button4: TButton;
procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
procedure Button4Click(Sender: TObject); private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
function GetGroup(_geshu:integer; _zongshu:integer; _weight:integer ):string;
end;
var
Form1: TForm1; vPackWeight: array of TPackWeight; //所有的卷数据implementation{$R *.dfm}function TForm1.GetGroup(_geshu:integer; _zongshu:integer; _weight:integer ):string;
var
PackWeight: array of TPackWeight; //所有的卷数据 (该方法里指的是还没有被分组的卷的数据)
amount,hisamount: Integer; //符合条件的组合,所使用卷的总重量
i, j, zongshu, geshu,y: Integer;
kindnum: array of Integer; //每个组合所使用卷的个数,比如按照每个组合3个,或者4个分组
s,hiss: string; //显示输出的字符串,hiss保存在小于设定重量时,离设定重量最接近的分组下标
jw,needresult: Boolean;
begin
zongshu := _zongshu;
geshu := _geshu;
hisamount:=0;//当当前分组总重小于设定的重量时,该变量保存上一次分组的重量,然后和当前分组的重量进行比对,如果当前的大于它,则保存当前的
hiss:=''; //hiss保存在小于设定重量时,离设定重量最接近的分组下标
SetLength(PackWeight, zongshu);
SetLength(kindnum, geshu);//把尚未分组使用的卷给取出来,放在PackWeight数组中,等待再次循环计算
j:=0;
for i := low(vPackWeight) to high(vPackWeight) do
begin
if vPackWeight[i].opt=false then
begin
PackWeight[j].indexno:=vPackWeight[i].indexno;
PackWeight[j].weight:=vPackWeight[i].weight;
PackWeight[j].opt:=vPackWeight[i].opt;
j:=j+1;
end;
end; for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do kindnum[i] := i; while True do
begin
//取得组合下标
s := '';
amount:=0;
y:=0;
if geshu> zongshu then
begin
geshu:=zongshu;
end;
for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do
begin
s := s + Format('%.2d',[PackWeight[kindnum[i]].indexno]) + ',';
amount:=amount+PackWeight[kindnum[i]].weight;
end;
s:=inttostr(amount)+':'+s; if amount=_weight then
begin
hiss:=s;
result:=s;
exit;
end
else
begin
if amount<_weight then
begin
if amount>hisamount then
begin
hisamount:=amount;
hiss:=s;
end;
end;
if amount>_weight then
begin
if hiss<>'' then //当分组重量大于设定重量,且hiss中有数据,则代表本次计算存在一个分组是小于设定重量的,则返回hiss的数值
begin
result:=hiss;
exit;
end
else //代表当前计算,所有分组都大于设定重量,返回false ,这是调用程序需要减少一个分组个数,比如一个分组3个卷,变成2个卷
begin
result:='false';
exit;
end;
end;
end; //实际应用中应调用相应的函数
jw := True;
for i := geshu - 1 downto 0 do
begin
if jw then
begin
kindnum[i] := kindnum[i] + 1;
for j := i + 1 to geshu - 1 do
begin
kindnum[j] := kindnum[j - 1] + 1;
end;
jw := kindnum[i] >= zongshu + i - (geshu - 1);
end
else
Break;
end;
if jw then
begin
result:=hiss;
Break;
end;
end;
//mmo1.Lines.EndUpdate;
end;procedure TForm1.Button4Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i, j, zongshu, geshu,y: Integer;
isless:boolean;
weight:integer;
s: string; //显示输出的字符串
begin
zongshu := StrToInt(num.Text);
geshu := StrToInt(gs.Text);
weight:=StrToInt(packW.Text);
SetLength(vPackWeight, zongshu); cds1.First;
for i := 0 to zongshu - 1 do
begin
vPackWeight[i].indexno:=cds1.FieldByName('indexno').AsInteger;
vPackWeight[i].weight:=cds1.FieldByName('weight').AsInteger;
vPackWeight[i].opt:=false;
cds1.Next;
end;//根据剩余板卷数来决定是否继续分组计算
// j:=1;//代表所需要减少的分组个数
while zongshu>0 do
begin
isless:=false;
//判断所有剩余板卷重量是否都小于设定重量,如果是,则调用分组 ,如果不是则另行计算
for i:=low(vPackWeight) to high(vPackWeight) do
begin
if (vPackWeight[i].weight< weight) and (vPackWeight[i].opt=false) then
begin
isless:=true;
break;
end; //end if
end; //end for if isless then
begin
s:=GetGroup(geshu, zongshu, weight);
end; while s='false' do
begin
geshu:=geshu-1; //标明剩余未分组的卷,按3个分组,所有分组都大于设定重量,于是开始变成按3-J个开始分组,再次调用分组函数
// j:=j+1;
s:=GetGroup(geshu, zongshu, weight);
end; if s<>'false' then //如果有正确的返回值,那么设定已经使用的卷子为true,剩余总数=总数-个数
begin
mmo1.Lines.Append(s);
zongshu:=zongshu-geshu;
delete(s,1,pos(':',s));
while length(s)>0 do//分解返回的字串,解析出其中的所使用卷的数组下标.
begin
y:=strtoint(copy(s,1,pos(',',s)-1));
vPackWeight[y].opt:=true;
delete(s,1,pos(',',s));
end; end//end if end;//end whileend;procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
var
x: array of TPackWeight; //所有的卷数据
user: array of TPackWeight; //符合条件的组合,所占用的卷的数据
amount: Integer; //符合条件的组合,所使用卷的总重量
i, j, zongshu, geshu,y: Integer;
kindnum: array of Integer; //每个组合所使用卷的个数,比如按照每个组合3个,或者4个分组
s: string; //显示输出的字符串
jw: Boolean;
begin
zongshu := StrToInt(num.Text);
geshu := StrToInt(gs.Text);
SetLength(x, zongshu);
SetLength(kindnum, geshu);
SetLength(user, geshu); cds1.First;
for i := 0 to zongshu - 1 do
begin
x[i].indexno:=cds1.FieldByName('indexno').AsInteger;
x[i].weight:=cds1.FieldByName('weight').AsInteger;
x[i].opt:=false;
cds1.Next;
end; for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do kindnum[i] := i; mmo1.Lines.BeginUpdate;
mmo1.Clear;
while True do
begin
//取得组合下标
s := '';
amount:=0;
y:=0;
if geshu> zongshu then geshu:=zongshu;
for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do
begin
s := s + Format('%.2d',[x[kindnum[i]].weight]) + ',';
user[y].indexno:=x[kindnum[i]].indexno;
y:=y+1;
// user[y].indexno:=x[kindnum[i]].indexno;
amount:=amount+x[kindnum[i]].weight;
end;
mmo1.Lines.Add(s+':'+inttostr(amount)); //实际应用中应调用相应的函数
jw := True; for i := geshu - 1 downto 0 do
begin
if jw then
begin
kindnum[i] := kindnum[i] + 1;
for j := i + 1 to geshu - 1 do
begin
kindnum[j] := kindnum[j - 1] + 1;
end;
jw := kindnum[i] >= zongshu + i - (geshu - 1);
end
else
Break;
end;
if jw then Break;
end;
mmo1.Lines.EndUpdate;
end;procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i:integer;
begin
cds1.EmptyDataSet;
//j:=0;
for i:=1 to StrToInt(num.Text) do
begin
cds1.Append;
cds1.FieldByName('indexno').AsInteger:=i;
randomize;
cds1.FieldByName('weight').AsInteger:=Random(10)+Random(10);
cds1.Post;
end;
cds1.AddIndex('a','weight',[],'','',0);
cds1.IndexName:='a'; i:=0;
cds1.First;
while not cds1.Eof do
begin
cds1.Edit;
cds1.FieldByName('indexno').AsInteger:=i;
cds1.Post;
i:=i+1;
cds1.Next;
end;
end;end.
(*
Edit1: TEdit;
Edit2: TEdit;
Memo1: TMemo;
*)var
FlagAry: array of Integer;
NumAry: array of Integer;procedure Portfolio(m, n, SearchNum: Integer);
var
I, J, Num: Integer;
Str: string;
begin
for i := m downto n do
begin
FlagAry[n] := NumAry[i-1];
if (n > 1) then
Portfolio( i - 1, n - 1, SearchNum)
else
begin
Num := 0;
Str := '';
for J := 1 to FlagAry[0] do
begin
Str := Str + IntToStr(FlagAry[J])+' ';
Num := Num + FlagAry[J];
end; if Num = SearchNum then
Form1.Memo1.Lines.Add(Str);
end;
end;
end;procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
I,iLen: Integer;
sList:TStringList;
begin
Memo1.Lines.Clear;
SetLength(NumAry,0);
SetLength(FlagAry,0);
sList:=TStringList.Create;
try
sList.Delimiter:=',';
sList.DelimitedText:=edit1.Text;
iLen:=sList.Count;
SetLength(NumAry,iLen);
for i:=0 to iLen-1 do
NumAry[i]:=StrToInt(sList[i]);
finally
sList.Free;
end; iLen:=Length(NumAry);
SetLength(FlagAry,iLen+1);
for i := 1 to iLen do
begin
FlagAry[0] := i;
Portfolio(iLen, i, StrToInt(edit2.Text));
end;
SetLength(NumAry,0);
SetLength(FlagAry,0);
end;procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
edit1.Text:='1,2,3,4,5,6';
edit2.Text:='7';
end;
function TUFrm_PriceManager.GetGroup(_geshu:integer; _zongshu:integer; _weight:real ):string;
var
PackWeight: array of TPackWeight; //所有的卷数据 (该方法里指的是还没有被分组的卷的数据)
amount,hisamount: real; //符合条件的组合,所使用卷的总重量
i, j, zongshu, geshu,y: Integer;
kindnum: array of Integer; //每个组合所使用卷的个数,比如按照每个组合3个,或者4个分组
s,s1,hiss: string; //显示输出的字符串,hiss保存在小于设定重量时,离设定重量最接近的分组下标
jw,needresult: Boolean;
begin
zongshu := _zongshu;
geshu := _geshu;
hisamount:=0;//当当前分组总重小于设定的重量时,该变量保存上一次分组的重量,然后和当前分组的重量进行比对,如果当前的大于它,则保存当前的
hiss:=''; //hiss保存在小于设定重量时,离设定重量最接近的分组下标for y := 1 to geshu do
begin geshu:=y; SetLength(PackWeight, zongshu);
SetLength(kindnum, geshu);//把尚未分组使用的卷给取出来,放在PackWeight数组中,等待再次循环计算
j:=0;
for i := low(vPackWeight) to high(vPackWeight) do
begin
if vPackWeight[i].opt=false then
begin
PackWeight[j].indexno:=vPackWeight[i].indexno;
PackWeight[j].weight:=vPackWeight[i].weight;
PackWeight[j].vbeln:=vPackWeight[i].vbeln;
PackWeight[j].plateno:=vPackWeight[i].plateno;
PackWeight[j].opt:=vPackWeight[i].opt;
j:=j+1;
end;
end; for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do kindnum[i] := i; while True do
begin
//取得组合下标
//s := '';
s := inttostr(y)+'=';
s1:='';
amount:=0; if geshu> zongshu then
begin
geshu:=zongshu;
end;
for i := 0 to geshu - 1 do
begin
s := s + inttostr(PackWeight[kindnum[i]].indexno) + ',';
s1:=s1+PackWeight[kindnum[i]].vbeln+'-'+PackWeight[kindnum[i]].plateno+','; amount:=amount+PackWeight[kindnum[i]].weight;
end;
s:=floattostr(amount)+':'+s+'='+s1; if amount=_weight then
begin
hiss:=s;
result:=s;
exit;
end
else
begin
if amount<_weight then
begin
if amount>hisamount then
begin
hisamount:=amount;
hiss:=s;
end;
end;
{if amount>_weight then
begin
if hiss<>'' then //当分组重量大于设定重量,且hiss中有数据,则代表本次计算存在一个分组是小于设定重量的,则返回hiss的数值
begin
//result:=hiss;
//exit;
continue;
end
else //代表当前计算,所有分组都大于设定重量,返回false ,这是调用程序需要减少一个分组个数,比如一个分组3个卷,变成2个卷
begin
//result:='false';
//exit;
hiss:='false';
continue
end;
end;}
end; //实际应用中应调用相应的函数
jw := True;
for i := geshu - 1 downto 0 do
begin
if jw then
begin
kindnum[i] := kindnum[i] + 1;
for j := i + 1 to geshu - 1 do
begin
kindnum[j] := kindnum[j - 1] + 1;
end;
jw := kindnum[i] >= zongshu + i - (geshu - 1);
end
else
Break;
end;
if jw then
begin
if hiss='' then hiss:='false'; result:=hiss;
Break;
end;
end;
//mmo1.Lines.EndUpdate;
end;
end;procedure TUFrm_PriceManager.UniButton2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
i, j, zongshu, geshu,y,z,k: Integer;
isless:boolean;
weight:real;
s,s1: string; //显示输出的字符串
begin
cds4.EmptyDataSet;
zongshu := cds1.RecordCount;
geshu := StrToInt(gs.Text);
weight:=packW.Value;
SetLength(vPackWeight, zongshu);
isless:=false;
k:=1; cds1.First;
for i := 0 to zongshu - 1 do
begin
vPackWeight[i].indexno:=cds1.FieldByName('indexno').AsInteger;
vPackWeight[i].weight:=cds1.FieldByName('weight').AsFloat;
vPackWeight[i].vbeln:=cds1.FieldByName('jpdno').AsString;
vPackWeight[i].plateno:=cds1.FieldByName('plateno').AsString;
vPackWeight[i].opt:=false;
cds1.Next;
end;//根据剩余板卷数来决定是否继续分组计算
// j:=1;//代表所需要减少的分组个数
while zongshu>0 do
begin
isless:=false;
//判断所有剩余板卷重量是否都小于设定重量,如果是,则调用分组 ,如果不是则另行计算
for i:=low(vPackWeight) to high(vPackWeight) do
begin
if (vPackWeight[i].weight< weight) and (vPackWeight[i].opt=false) then
begin
isless:=true;
break;
end;
{else
begin
showmessage('设定重量太小.所有卷重都大于设定重量');
exit;
end;}
end; //end for if isless then
begin
s:=GetGroup(geshu, zongshu, weight);
//showmessage(inttostr(zongshu)+' : '+s);
end
else
begin
showmessage('设定重量太小.所有卷重都大于设定重量');
exit;
end; { while s='false' do
begin
geshu:=geshu-1; //标明剩余未分组的卷,按3个分组,所有分组都大于设定重量,于是开始变成按3-J个开始分组,再次调用分组函数
// j:=j+1;
s:=GetGroup(geshu, zongshu, weight);
//showmessage(inttostr(zongshu)+' :: '+s);
end; } if s<>'false' then //如果有正确的返回值,那么设定已经使用的卷子为true,剩余总数=总数-个数
begin
//mmo1.Lines.Append(s); cds4.Append;
cds4.FieldByName('amount').AsString:=copy(s,1,pos(':',s)-1); delete(s,1,pos(':',s)); z:=Strtoint(copy(s,1,pos('=',s)-1)); //取出该组合里面用了几个元素
delete(s,1,pos('=',s));
zongshu:=zongshu-z; s1:=s;
s:=copy(s,1,pos('=',s)-1);
cds4.FieldByName('indexno').AsString:=s; delete(s1,1,pos('=',s1)); cds4.FieldByName('vbelnplate').AsString:=s1;
cds4.FieldByName('index').AsInteger:=k; cds4.Post;
k:=k+1; while length(s)>0 do//分解返回的字串,解析出其中的所使用卷的数组下标.
begin
y:=strtoint(copy(s,1,pos(',',s)-1))-1;
vPackWeight[y].opt:=true;
delete(s,1,pos(',',s));
end; end//end if end;//end while { cds4.AddIndex('a','amount',[],'','',0);
cds4.IndexName:='a'; cds4.First;
for i := 0 to cds4.RecordCount-1 do
begin
cds4.Edit;
cds4.FieldByName('index').AsInteger:=i+1;
cds4.Post;
cds4.Next;
end; }end;
这个算法很有意思,用于解决穷举类的问题比较快。
你可以去这里参考一下:https://www.cnblogs.com/grenet/p/3145800.html
这个博主还有几个文章用舞蹈链解决数独的问题,以及我曾经求助的13块的问题: https://www.cnblogs.com/grenet/p/7903680.html
我也在学习中,所以目前对舞蹈链还没有掌握。