感谢wh62592855、inthirties和其他朋友们的解答。wh62592855第一个问题的解答很正确，我观察了一下，的确是因为版本兼容性的问题。这下我学到了新的知识，那就是如何设置Oracle的Compatible参数，这个是一个涉及到系统版本兼容性的参数。 下面的文字说明了该参数的作用： The COMPATIBLE initialization parameter enables or disables the use of features in the database that affect file format on disk. For example, if you create an Oracle Database 10g database, but specify COMPATIBLE = 9.2.0.2 in the initialization parameter file, then features that requires 10.0 compatibility will generate an error if you try to use them. Such a database is said to be at the 9.2.0.2 compatibility level. You can advance the compatibility level of your database. If you do advance the compatibility of your database with the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter, there is no way to start the database using a lower compatibility level setting, except by doing a point-in-time recovery to a time before the compatibility was advanced. The default value for the COMPATIBLE parameter is the release number of the most recent major release. Note:For Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2), the default value of the COMPATIBLE parameter is 10.2.0. The minimum value is 9.2.0. If you create an Oracle Database using the default value, you can immediately use all the new features in this release, and you can never downgrade the database.
去看看你的参数文件 里边的compatible参数后面的值和你安装数据库的版本是不是符合 不行的话可以把这句从参数文件中删掉 再进行startup二
在ORACLE中 当你指定了SGA大小的时候 其他各个组件的大小只是一个预期值而已 我印象中如果你指定各个组件大小的话ORACLE会把它作为"底线"来对待
一般来说ORACLE会自动根据负载来进行分配的三
并发进程数和并发用户数好像不是一回事吧四
系统是会自动维护这三个控制文件保持一致
如果你想要多路备份的话 除了复制相关的控制文件 还要在参数文件里加上适当的参数来告诉ORACLE你进行了多路备份 这样ORACLE在更新控制文件的时候才会同时把你增加的几个备份控制文件也同步更新了
同意，用一个最简单的pfile启动试试看有没有问题，估计这里应该是init问题。
这里要注意， ASMM是10g开始的，9i不支持这个参数作者在startup nomount的阶段出错，基本上应该是load spfile和init SGA的时候出问题了。用一个最小的pfile启动试试。
他图片里的SGA总容量代表什么意思呢?
下面的文字说明了该参数的作用：
The COMPATIBLE initialization parameter enables or disables the use of features in the database that affect file format on disk.
For example, if you create an Oracle Database 10g database, but specify COMPATIBLE = 9.2.0.2 in the initialization parameter file, then features that requires 10.0 compatibility will generate an error if you try to use them. Such a database is said to be at the 9.2.0.2 compatibility level.
You can advance the compatibility level of your database. If you do advance the compatibility of your database with the COMPATIBLE initialization parameter, there is no way to start the database using a lower compatibility level setting, except by doing a point-in-time recovery to a time before the compatibility was advanced.
The default value for the COMPATIBLE parameter is the release number of the most recent major release.
Note:For Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10.2), the default value of the COMPATIBLE parameter is 10.2.0. The minimum value is 9.2.0. If you create an Oracle Database using the default value, you can immediately use all the new features in this release, and you can never downgrade the database.